ENDURING LITERATURE ILLUMINATEDBY PRACTICAL SCHOLARSHIPAn ex-convict struggles for redemption in the punishing world of post-Napoleonic France. EACH ENRICHED CLASSIC EDITION INCLUDES: - A concise introduction that gives readers important background information- A chronology of the author's life and work- A timeline of significant events that provides the book's historical context- An outline of key themes and plot points to help readers form their own interpretations- Detailed explanatory notes- Critical analysis, including contemporary and modern perspectives on the work- Discussion questions to promote lively classroom and book group interaction- A list of recommended related books and films to broaden the reader's experienceEnriched Classics offer readers affordable editions of great works of literature enhanced by helpful notes and insightful commentary. The scholarship provided in Enriched Classics enables readers to appreciate, understand, and enjoy the world's finest books to their full potential.SERIES EDITED BY CYNTHIA BRANTLEY JOHNSON

维克多·雨果（Victor Hugo，1802-1885），19世纪法国浪漫主义文学的代表人物。贯穿他一生活动和创作的主导思想是人道主义、反对暴力、以爱制“恶”。其文学创作有诗歌、小说、戏剧、政论、散文随笔以及文学评论，卷帙浩繁。代表作有长篇小说《巴黎圣母院》、《海上劳工》、《悲 惨世界》及《九三年》等。