When the first Supreme Court convened in 1790, it was so ill-esteemed that its justices frequently resigned in favor of other pursuits. John Rutledge stepped down as Associate Justice to become a state judge in South Carolina; John Jay resigned as Chief Justice to run for Governor of New York;
and Alexander Hamilton declined to replace Jay, pursuing a private law practice instead. As Bernard Schwartz shows in this landmark history, the Supreme Court has indeed travelled a long and interesting journey to its current preeminent place in American life.
In A History of the Supreme Court, Schwartz provides the finest, most comprehensive one-volume narrative ever published of our highest court. With impeccable scholarship and a clear, engaging style, he tells the story of the justices and their jurisprudence--and the influence the Court has had
on American politics and society. With a keen ability to explain complex legal issues for the nonspecialist, he takes us through both the great and the undistinguished Courts of our nation's history. He provides insight into our foremost justices, such as John Marshall (who established judicial
review in Marbury v. Madison, an outstanding display of political calculation as well as fine jurisprudence), Roger Taney (whose legacy has been overshadowed by Dred Scott v. Sanford), Oliver Wendell Holmes, Louis Brandeis, Benjamin Cardozo, and others. He draws on evidence such as personal letters
and interviews to show how the court has worked, weaving narrative details into deft discussions of the developments in constitutional law. Schwartz also examines the operations of the court: until 1935, it met in a small room under the Senate--so cramped that the judges had to put on their robes
in full view of the spectators. But when the new building was finally opened, one justice called it "almost bombastically pretentious," and another asked, "What are we supposed to do, ride in on nine elephants?" He includes fascinating asides, on the debate in the first Court, for instance, over
the use of English-style wigs and gowns (the decision: gowns, no wigs); and on the day Oliver Wendell Holmes announced his resignation--the same day that Earl Warren, as a California District Attorney, argued his first case before the Court. The author brings the story right up to the present day,
offering balanced analyses of the pivotal Warren Court and the Rehnquist Court through 1992 (including, of course, the arrival of Clarence Thomas).
In addition, he includes four special chapters on watershed cases: Dred Scott v. Sanford, Lochner v. New York, Brown v. Board of Education, and Roe v. Wade. Schwartz not only analyzes the impact of each of these epoch-making cases, he takes us behind the scenes, drawing on all available
evidence to show how the justices debated the cases and how they settled on their opinions.
Bernard Schwartz is one of the most highly regarded scholars of the Supreme Court, author of dozens of books on the law, and winner of the American Bar Association's Silver Gavel Award. In this remarkable account, he provides the definitive one-volume account of our nation's highest
court.
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坦白说,这本书的阅读体验像是在攀登一座知识的雪山,风景绝美,但过程着实考验体力。它对早期司法的结构性描述,那种对机构如何演变、权力如何分配的细致剖析,简直是教科书级别的范本。然而,这种极致的详尽也带来了一些挑战,某些段落对于案件的程序性细节的描述过于冗长,使得叙事的节奏感时有断裂。我感觉作者似乎对某一特定历史时期怀有一种近乎痴迷的热情,以至于在处理该时期案件的分析时,笔墨明显重于其他阶段,这在一定程度上影响了全书的平衡性。不过,一旦度过那些“技术性”较强的部分,重新进入到对关键性司法哲学的探讨时,那种醍醐灌顶的感觉又回来了。它强迫你停下来,去思考那些被我们视为理所当然的法律原则,究竟是如何在历史的十字路口被艰难地确立起来的。这本书无疑是严肃研究者的必备工具书,但对于只想轻松了解历史的休闲读者来说,可能需要极大的耐心去筛选和吸收其中的精华。
评分这本书的叙事弧光之宏大,简直让人叹为观止。它不仅仅是关于一系列法律判决的枯燥记录,更像是一部描绘美国建国初期那些雄心勃勃的法学家如何艰难塑造一个尚在襁褓中的国家宪政框架的史诗。作者似乎花费了大量篇幅去挖掘那些早期大法官们在面对利益冲突、政治压力以及社会变革时的内心挣扎。我特别欣赏他对特定案件的背景分析,那种深入骨髓的对当时社会氛围的捕捉,使得那些看似抽象的法律条文瞬间变得鲜活起来,充满了人性的张力。读到关于马伯里诉麦迪逊案的章节时,那种通过文字就能感受到的剑拔弩张的气氛,仿佛自己就坐在法庭的旁听席上,见证着司法审查权这一“幽灵般”的权力是如何被巧妙地植入宪法肌理之中的。整体的笔触是厚重的、学术的,但绝不晦涩难懂,因为它始终聚焦于“人”在历史洪流中的抉择,而非单纯的法律条文的堆砌。这种将历史学、政治学与法学熔于一炉的写作手法,使得即便是对法律不太精通的读者,也能被深深吸引,感受到最高法院作为国家心脏跳动的节奏。
评分如果非要用一个词来形容这本书对我的影响,那就是“结构性重塑”。在此之前,我对美国司法的理解是碎片化的,是零散的判例的堆砌。然而,这本书提供了一个令人信服的、连续性的叙事框架,它清晰地展示了每一代大法官是如何在前人留下的基础之上添砖加瓦,或是进行颠覆性改造的。作者在梳理司法理念演变时,所采用的比喻和类比非常精妙,有效地跨越了法律术语设置的壁垒。举例来说,他将某种特定的司法哲学比作一种缓慢渗透的地下水流,这种具象化的描述,比任何复杂的法律定义都更有效地帮助我理解了其内在的运作机制和持久的影响力。虽然全书的篇幅令人望而生畏,但它带来的知识的密度和广度是无与伦比的,读完之后,你对美国宪法精神的理解会上升到一个全新的、更为扎实的层面,仿佛获得了某种“内幕视角”。
评分这本书的文字风格有一种独特的、近乎古典的庄重感,读起来就像是在品鉴一坛陈年的威士忌,后劲十足,回味悠长。它最大的魅力在于,它没有将最高法院塑造成一个完美无瑕的道德灯塔,而是将其置于泥泞的政治现实之中进行考察。作者毫不避讳地揭示了大法官们在不同时期如何受到党派政治、经济利益集团甚至个人偏见的影响,从而做出了那些在后世看来充满争议的裁决。这种坦率与批判性的视角,极大地提升了阅读的深度,因为它挑战了我们对“公正”的浪漫化想象。我特别喜欢其中对那些“边缘”声音的关注,那些没有进入主流教科书的、被权力碾压下去的少数派意见,作者总能以一种同情的笔触去还原他们的立场和逻辑,这使得整部历史的画卷更加丰富立体,充满了灰色的层次感,而非简单的黑白对立。这是一种真正有良知和担当的历史书写。
评分这本书的叙述节奏变化极富张力,它懂得何时该放慢速度,细致入微地描摹一位法官的内心世界,又懂得何时该加速前行,将一系列重大的社会冲突浓缩为几个关键的法律转折点。它最成功的地方在于,它成功地将宏大的宪政叙事与微观的个人命运紧密地编织在一起。我尤其对书中对那些在关键时刻挺身而出,以个人职业生涯为赌注去捍卫某种法律原则的大法官的刻画印象深刻。这些人物的形象不是被神化的,而是有血有肉的,他们的脆弱、他们的坚持,都使得历史的进程更具可信度。阅读过程中,我不断地在思考,如果少了某位大法官在某个关键时刻的坚持或妥协,今天的美国社会将会是何种面貌。这本书提供的不仅仅是知识,更是一种深刻的关于权力制衡与责任担当的哲学沉思,其影响远远超出了法律史学的范畴,触及到了公共精神的内核。
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