Preface
Author’s preface
Section 1: Survey
1. The social study of language
1.1 The scope of enquiry
1.2 Complementary approaches
1.3 The methods of enquiry
1.4 What are the data?
1.5 The sociolinguists at work
1.6 The approach in this book
2. The ethnography of speaking and the structure of conversation
2.1 The ethnography of speaking
2.2 The structure of conversations
2.3 Politeness and politeness formulas
2.4 Terms of address
3. Locating variation in speech
3.1 Speech communities and repertoires
3.2 Dialect
4. Styles, gender and social class
4.1 Styles
4.2 Specialized varieties or registers and domains
4.3 Slang and solidarity
4.4 Language and gender
4.5 Social stratification
4.6 Accommodation and audience design
5. Bilinguals and bilingualism
5.1 Language socialization
5.2 The description of bilingualism
5.3 Bilingual competence
5.4 Code switching and code mixing
6. Societal multilingualism
6.1 Multilingualism
6.2 Language loyalty and reversing language shift
6.3 Language and ethnic identity
6.4 Language and politics
6.5 Language rights
6.6 Pidgins and creoles
6.7 Diglossia
7. Applied Sociolinguistics
7.1 Language policy and language planning
7.2 Status planning
7.3 Corpus planning
7.4 Normativism and prescriptivism
7.5 Language acquisition planning or language education policy
7.6 Language diffusion policy or linguistic imperialism
7.7 The spread of English – imperialism or hegemony?
8. Conclusions
Section 2: Readings
Section 3: References
Section 4: Glossary
· · · · · · (收起)