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The essays collected in this volume, all originally written in English for a non-Chinese audience are taken from those writings of Fung Yu-lan that are relatively far-reaching and concise. As a whole, Fung's writings are the result of contact between Eastern and Western culture and of the modernization of Chinese philosophy. He investigates philosophy in the light of all of its cultural manifestations, taking the problem of life as his focus. Along such a trend and under the guidance of Professor John Dewey, he completed his doctoral dissertation, "A Comparative Study of Life Ideals," at Columbia University in 1923 (published in 1924). The work presents the young author's achievements in his endeavour to have a thorough knowledge of both Western and Chinese philosophy and their life ideals and to pursue the highest ideal of life as he saw it.

About the Author

Fung Yu-Lan, PHD.; Chinese philosopher; b. Dec. 4th 1895, Tangho,

Honan Province; Married Jen Tsai Kun; ed. China Inst., Shanghai,

Peking Univ. and Columbia Univ., U.S.A.; Prof. of Philosophy,

Chungchou Univ., Kaifeng, 1923-25, Yenching Univ., 1926-28,

Chinghua Univ., 1928-52; Dean, Coll. of Arts, Head, dept. of Philo-

sophy, Chinghua Univ., 1933-52; Dean, Coll. of Arts, Southwest

Associated Univ., 1939-46; Visiting Prof., Univ. of Pennsylvania,

U.S.A., 1946-47; Chief, Div. of Chinese Philosophy, Research Inst. of

Philosophy, Academia. Sinica, 1954-66; Prof, Peking Univ., 1952-;

Hon. degrees from Princeton Univ., Columbia Univ. (U.S.A.), Univ.

of Delhi (India).

PublicationsA Comparative Study ofLife Ideals (1924), A Concep-

tion of Life (1924), A History of Chinese Philosophy (two Volumes

1930-36), A New Treatise on NeoConjudanism (1938), China 's Road

to Freedom (1939), A New Treattse on the Way of Living (1939), A

New Treatise on the Nature of Man (1942), the Spirit of Chinese

Phitosophy (1942), A New Treatise on the Methodotogy of Metaphysics

(1948), Collected Essays in Wartime (1948), A Short History ofChinese

Philosophy (1948), A New Edition ofA History ofChinese Phtlosophy

(in seven volumes, the first three aleardy published, the rest in

preparation) (1983-85), My Memotrs (1984), The Collected Works of

Fung Yu-Lan (in fourteen volumes, the first volume already pub-

lished)(1985>

CONTENTS
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LIFE IDEALS
INTRODUCTION
PartI
THE IDEALIZATION OF NATURE AND THE WAY OF DECREASE
Chapter I
ROMANTICISMS CHUANG TZU
Chapter II
IDEALISM: PLATO
Chapter III
NIHIUSM: SCHOPENHAUER
Chapter IV
CONCLUSION OF PART 1
PartII
THE IDEAUZATION OF ART AND THE WAY OF INCREASE
Chapter V
HEDONISM: YANG CHU
Chapter VI
UTILITARIANISM: MO TZU
Chapter VII
PROGRESSIVISM: DESCARTES, BACON, AND FICHTE
Chapter VIII
CONCLUSION OF PART 11
PartIII
THE IDEAUZATION OF THE CONTINUITY OF NATURE AND ART
AND THE GOOD OF ACnVITY
Chapter IX
CONFUCIUS
Chaptcr X
ARISTOTLE
Chapter XI
NEO-CONFUCIANISM
Chapter XII
HEGEL
Chapter XIII
CONCLUSION OF PART III
Chapter XIV
GENERAL CONCLUSION
A SHORT HISTORY OF CHINESE PHILOSOPHY
Chapter I
THE SPIRIT OF CHINESE PHILOSOPHY
Chapter II
THE BACKGROUND OF CHINESE PHILOSOPHY
Chapter III
THE ORIGIN OF THE SCHOOLS
Chapter IV
CONFUCIUS, THE FIRST TEACHER
Chapter V
MO TZU, THE FIRST OPPONENT OF CONFUCIUS
Chapter VI
THE FIRST PHASE OF TAOISM: YANG CHU
Chapter VII
THE IDEALISTIC WING OF CONFUCIANISM: MENCIUS
Chapter VIII
THE SCHOOL OF NAMES
Chapter IX
THE SECOND PHASE OP TAOISM: LAO TZU
Chapter X
THE THIRD PHASE OF TAOISM: CHUANG TZU
Chapter XI
THE LATER MOHISTS
Chaptcr XII
THE YIN-YANG SCHOOL AND EARLY CHINESE COSMOGONY
Chapter XIII
THE REALISTIC WING OF CONFUCIANISM: HSUN TZU
Chapter XIV
HAN FEI TZU AND THE LEGALIST SCHOOL
Chapter XV
CONFUCIANIST METAPHYSICS
Chapter XVI
WORLD POLITICS AND WORLD PHILOSOPHY
Chapter XVII
THEORIZER OF THE HAN EMPIRE TUNG CHUNG-SHU
Chapter XVIII
THE ASCENDANCY OF CONFUCIANISM AND REVIVAL OF TAOISM
Chapter XIX
NEO-TAOISM- THE RATIONALISTS
Chapter XX
NEO-TAOISM: THE SENTIMENTALISTS
Chapter XXI
THE FOUNDATION OF CHINESE BUDDHISM
Chapter XXII
CHANISM: THE PHILOSOPHY OF SILENCE
Chapter XXIII
NEO-CONFUCIANISM: THE COSMOLOGISTS
Chapter XXIV
NEO-CONFUCIANISM: THE BEGINNING OF THE TWO SCHOOLS
Chapter XXV
NEO-CONFUCIANISM: THE SCHOOL OF PLATONIC IDEAS
Chapter XXVI
NEO-CONFUCIANISM: THE SCHOOL OF UNIVERSAL MIND
Chapter XXVII
THE INTRODUCTION OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY
Chapter XXVIII
CHINESE PHILOSOPHY IN THE MODERN WORLD
ESSAYS AND SPEECHES
WHY CHINA HAS NO SCIENCE-AN INTERPRETATION OF THE
HBTORY AND CONSEQUENCES OF CHINESE PHILOSOPHY
THE CONFUCIANIST THEORY OF MOURNING, SACRIFICIAL AND
WEDDING RITES
THE PLACE OF CON'FUCIUS IN CHINESE HISTORY
PHILOSOPHY IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA
THE ORIGIN OFJU AND MO
THE PHILOSOPHY AT THE BASIS OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE
SOCIETY
THE TRADITIONAL CHINESE FAMILY SYSTEM
A GENERAL STATEMENT ON NEO-CONFUCIANISM
SPEECH OF RESPONSE DELIVERED AT THE CONVOCATION OF
SEPTEMBER 10, 1982, AT COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
INDEX
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