Gothic: Transmutations of Horror in Late-Twentieth-Century Art

Gothic: Transmutations of Horror in Late-Twentieth-Century Art pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026

出版者:The MIT Press
作者:Grunenberg, Christoph
出品人:
页数:224 pp., 125 illus.
译者:
出版时间:May 1997
价格:$16.50
装帧:Hardback
isbn号码:9780262071840
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • Gothic art
  • Horror art
  • Transmutation
  • Late 20th-century art
  • Contemporary art
  • Visual culture
  • Dark Romanticism
  • Aesthetics
  • Cultural studies
  • Art history
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具体描述

As the millennium draws to a close, a Gothic spirit once again penetrates much of today's art and culture. Over the past decade, American and European artists have grown increasingly fascinated with the dark and uncanny side of the human psyche—the theatrical and grotesque, the violent and destructive.

Taking its starting point and title from the Gothic novel, this book investigates the full-blown revival of a Gothic sensibility in contemporary art; in American and British fiction labeled the "New Gothic"; in film with its long tradition of horror; and in video, music, fashion, design, and underground culture. Gothic accompanies an exhibition at The Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston, of twenty-three artists who produce horror as well as amazement through often ugly, fragmented, and contorted forms. Some employ a detached and reductive formal language to transmute images of excessive and gruesome violence, nevertheless achieving an equally disconcerting impact. The old Gothic themes of the fantastic and pathological are infused with new potency as they address concerns about the body, disease, voyeurism, and power.

Essays by John Gianvito, Christoph Grunenberg, James Hannaham, Patrick McGrath, Joyce Carol Oates, Shawn Rosenheim, Csaba Toth, and Anne Williams, and a short story by Dennis Cooper, explore the Gothic in history and in contemporary art and culture.

Artists: Julie Becker, Monica Carocci, Dinos and Jake Chapman, Gregory Crewdson, Keith Edmier, James Elaine, Robert Gober, Douglas Gordon, Wolfgang Amadeus Hansbauer, Jim Hodges, Cameron Jamie, Mike Kelley, Abigail Lane, Zoe Leonard, Tony Oursler, Sheila Pepe, Alexis Rockman, Aura Rosenberg, Pieter Schoolwerth, Cindy Sherman, Jeanne Silverthorne, Gary Simmons.

黑暗的形态:二十世纪末艺术中的恐怖流变 引言:潜流的恐惧与视觉的重塑 二十世纪末的艺术思潮,是一个充满焦虑、反思与风格激变的时代。在两次世界大战的阴影尚未完全消散,全球化、信息爆炸与身份政治的浪潮席卷而来的背景下,艺术家们对“恐怖”的感知与表达也随之发生了深刻的质变。这种恐怖不再仅仅是哥特文学中那种古典的、超自然的幽灵徘徊,而是渗透到现代社会结构、身体感知、技术伦理以及集体潜意识中的一种弥散性的、内在化的体验。 本书深入探讨了在 1970 年代至千禧年之交的这段关键时期,西方艺术界如何对“恐怖”(Horror)这一主题进行解构、挪用和“嬗变”(Transmutations)。我们聚焦于那些不满足于传统恐怖意象的艺术家群体,他们以全新的媒介和批判视角,揭示了隐藏在后现代表象之下的结构性焦虑。全书结构围绕着三种核心的“恐怖形态”展开,每一种形态都对应着特定的艺术运动、媒介技术和社会语境。 --- 第一部:身体的异化与肉体的政治 在消费主义盛行、生物科技快速发展的背景下,身体不再是稳定的自我边界,而是可以被操纵、展示、腐蚀的对象。这一部分着重分析了身体恐怖(Body Horror)在 1980 年代与 1990 年代艺术中的爆发。 第一章:解构的躯壳:从表现主义到生物艺术的张力 本章考察了战后对人类形态的去中心化处理。艺术家们借鉴了弗朗西斯·培根(Francis Bacon)对肉体扭曲的执着,将其推向了更具技术干预感的方向。我们分析了那些利用昆虫、机械零件或合成材料来重塑人体的雕塑和装置作品。这里的恐怖源于对“有机性”的怀疑——什么才是真正的人类? 第二章:伤口、疤痕与公共展示的伦理 重点研究了那些直接处理创伤、疾病与身体残缺的艺术家。这不仅仅是感官刺激,而是对社会如何对待边缘身体的深刻质询。我们对比了那些在画廊空间中展示生物材料(如血液、脂肪或器官残片)的作品,与那些通过摄影或影像媒介对身体进行极端修饰的实践。这些作品挑战了博物馆的审美洁净区,迫使观众直面死亡与衰败的不可避免性,构成了对中产阶级安全感的强力颠覆。 --- 第二部:空间错位与社会幽灵 后工业时代的衰败、城市化进程中的断裂感,以及对“家园”概念的瓦解,催生了一种新的、基于环境的恐怖感。这种恐怖是幽灵般的、非个人的,却又无处不在。 第三章:废墟美学与后工业景观的幽魂 本章探讨了艺术家们如何将目光投向被遗弃的工厂、核废料场和郊区蔓延的边缘地带。这些景观本身成为了恐怖的载体,象征着资本主义承诺的破灭。我们分析了慢速摄影和长曝光技术在捕捉这些“非时间”空间中的应用,探讨了它们如何唤起一种历史的重量感和被遗忘的集体记忆。 第四章:虚拟深渊:技术界面与认知的入侵 随着电子游戏和早期互联网的兴起,新的恐怖场景出现在屏幕之内。艺术家们开始探索数字失真(Glitch)、像素化结构和网络迷因的潜在威胁。这种恐怖不是实体性的,而是信息过载和身份在虚拟空间中被复制、丢失或劫持的焦虑。本章详细分析了那些利用早期视频合成器和计算机图形来创造“不和谐的未来”的影像作品。 --- 第三部:符号的崩塌与后现代的焦虑 在符号学泛滥的时代,意义的确定性荡然无存。本部分关注的是,当所有既有的宏大叙事都失效时,艺术家如何利用挪用、拼贴和戏仿来制造一种令人不安的“虚假熟悉感”。 第五章:混合怪胎:挪用与类型学的解构 艺术家们开始系统性地拆解和重组流行文化中的经典恐怖符号——吸血鬼、僵尸、怪物。但与早期的现代主义不同,这种解构不是为了创造新的崇高,而是为了揭示这些符号在消费文化中的空洞化。我们研究了那些将 B 级电影的低俗美学与高雅艺术的精致技法相结合的装置,探讨了“酷”(Kitsch)如何成为一种抵抗的武器,其锋芒在于其令人不适的混搭。 第六章:不可知论的凝视:留白与未完成的恐惧 最后,本章聚焦于那些选择“不描绘”恐怖的实践。通过极简主义的形式、单色调的应用或刻意的叙事中断,艺术家们将恐怖的想象空间完全交还给观众。这种恐怖是智力上的,它源于对意义缺失的确认,迫使观察者直面自身的无知和面对虚无时的本能反应。这是一种更具哲学深度的恐怖体验,它超越了视觉冲击,直指后现代语境下人类认知的局限性。 结论:超越哥特:二十一世纪的恐怖遗产 本书总结了二十世纪末艺术家们如何将“恐怖”从一个特定的文学或电影类型,提升为一种具有社会批判力的视觉语言。他们所建立的“嬗变”路径,为我们理解当前社会中存在的系统性压迫、技术焦虑和身份危机提供了至关重要的视觉工具。这些作品不再寻求简单的惊吓,而是提供了一种必要的、持续的“不安感”,这正是我们理解当代世界复杂性的关键所在。

作者简介

Though born and raised in Germany, Christoph Grunenberg views his appointment at Tate Modern as something of a homecoming. After serving for nearly half a decade as acting director of the ICA in Boston, Grunenberg is returning to the city where he spent seven years studying at the Courtauld Institute of Art. As such he is part of the Tate mini-invasion; long resolutely British, the institution has appointed a pair of non-Brits (the other is an American, Donna De Salvo) to senior posts. "The Tate wants to become a great international museum," Grunenberg says, "and the arrival of me and the others is a small part of that."

At the ICA, Grunenberg's crowning achievement was "Gothic: Transmutations of Horror in Late-Twentieth-Century Art," a show that brought together work in a variety of media and included elements of the Goth subculture. The 200-page catalogue was interdisciplinary as well, gathering essays by novelists Patrick McGrath and Joyce Carol Oates, among others. It's an approach that garners favor at the Tate. "We're making a real commitment to taking a more open approach, looking at art that goes beyond the traditional and exploring media and parallel tendencies in film, architecture, design, etc. and the culture in which they're found."

In his role at Tate Modern, Grunenberg is in charge of acquisitions and will be looking "beyond the classical 'geocratical' limits of Western Europe," especially to South America. He is also responsible for various gallery rooms, both monographic (Rothko, Warhol) and synthetic in focus (the Subversive Object room, for example, includes works by Dali, Manzoni, Samaras, Broodthaers, and Sarah Lucas). Additionally, Grunenberg will work with the Patrons of New Art, a group of 300 backers who buy art for the museum and sponsor the Turner Prize.

All of this makes Grunenberg nothing if not excited. "I'm coming back to my original interests in art. It's great to work with a permanent collection, having concentrated only on cutting edge for the past several years." He adds, "We're redefining the collection, the whole history of twentieth-century art. We're starting with a clean state."

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