States' Gains, Labor's Losses pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026
- 比较政治
- 政治学
- 劳工研究
- 中国研究
- 中国政治
- 工人研究
- 政治经济学
- OperationUranus
- 政治经济学
- 劳工运动
- 美国政治
- 州政府
- 经济发展
- 不平等
- 全球化
- 政策分析
- 劳工权益
- 区域经济
具体描述
In this explicitly comparative work, Dorothy J. Solinger examines the effects of global markets on the domestic politics of major states. In the late 1970s, leaders around the world faced a need both to continue productive investment and to cut labor costs to compete internationally in a changed world market. To accommodate forces seemingly beyond their control, they often opted to reduce social protections and benefits that citizens had come to expect, in the process recalibrating their established political-economic coalitions. For countries whose governance was built on a coalition between workers and the state, the political conundrum was particularly intense.
States' Gains, Labor's Losses concentrates on three countries—China, France, and Mexico—where revolution-inspired political compacts between labor and the state had to be renegotiated. In all three cases, choices to forge a deepened dependence on international capital markets required the ruling parties to fire large numbers of workers and cut social benefits while attempting not to provoke widespread social unrest or even full-scale revolt among their supporters. China, France, and Mexico also shared strong legacies of protectionism and state intervention in the economy, so the decision of each to join a supranational economic organization (France and the EU, China and the GATT/WTO, Mexico and NAFTA) in the hope of alleviating crises of capital shortage involved submission to a new set of liberal economic rules that further compromised their sociopolitical compacts.
Examining a fundamental question about the dynamics of globalization and worker protest through an innovative comparative perspective, States' Gains, Labor's Losses emphasizes the growing tensions and new compromises between the working class and their political leaders in the face of intense international economic pressures.
作者简介
Dorothy J. Solinger is Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Irvine. She is the author of books including Contesting Citizenship in Urban China: Peasant Migrants, the State, and the Logic of the Market, China's Transition from Socialism, and Chinese Business under Socialism, and the editor or coeditor of a number of others.
目录信息
Part 1 SIMILARITIES
2 SIMILAR STARTING POINTS The State for Labor, against the World
3 THE CUL-DE-SAC IN THE ROAD OF THE PAST Global Forces versus States and Workers
4 ENTERING SUPRANATIONAL ECONOMIC ORGANIZATIONS States and Global Forces against Workers
Part 2 DIVERGENCES
5 UNIONS AND PROTEST Labor against the State and Global Forces
6 THE WELFARE OUTCOME States’ Responses to Labor’s Laments
7 CONCLUSION
Bibliography
Index
· · · · · · (收起)
读后感
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用户评价
读完这本书，我最大的感受是作者对于“效率”与“公平”这对永恒矛盾的复杂处理。书中并没有提供任何简单的“药方”，相反，它通过一系列详实的历史案例和经济模型，层层剥开了现代经济体系的内在逻辑。比如，书中对特定时期减税政策对不同收入阶层影响的量化分析，其深度和广度令人印象深刻。那些枯燥的数字背后，是千家万户真实生活轨迹的剧烈位移。作者的叙事风格带着一种近乎冷峻的客观性，尤其在论述技术进步如何不可避免地淘汰旧有技能和行业时，笔调显得尤为沉重而无可辩驳。我特别关注了关于教育体系适应性滞后的章节，作者精妙地指出了制度惯性如何成为经济变革中的最大阻力之一。这本书迫使我重新审视自己对于“进步”的定义，那些看似无可阻挡的经济上行曲线，其阴影之下究竟埋藏着多少未被充分尊重的个体努力与集体成本。这本书不是用来轻松阅读的，它更像是一份需要反复研读的、关于现代社会运行机制的深度报告。
评分这部作品以其宏大叙事和细腻的笔触，勾勒出特定历史时期经济变革的复杂图景。作者似乎在引导我们穿越时空的迷雾，去审视那些看似不经意的政策转向如何深刻地重塑了社会结构。从开篇对早期工业化进程中财富分配不均现象的描绘，到中间部分对新兴技术浪潮冲击传统就业模式的冷静分析，无不展现出一种对社会肌理的深刻洞察力。我尤其欣赏作者在处理宏观经济数据时所展现出的克制与严谨，没有陷入简单的道德审判，而是试图构建一个多维度的分析框架，去理解利益集团之间的博弈是如何最终导向某种“均衡”——尽管这种均衡对于某些群体而言可能意味着长期的牺牲与停滞。书中对于跨国资本流动和全球化初期区域经济差异的比较研究，提供了极具价值的参照系，使得读者可以跳脱出单一国家的视角，去思考结构性调整的普遍性规律与特殊性体现。整本书读下来，感觉像是在进行一场严肃的、需要高度集中注意力的智力健行，每走一步，都能感受到作者对历史进程中那些被忽略的微小节点的精心标记。
评分这部作品的精彩之处在于其对“叙事权”的争夺战的描绘。作者没有满足于罗列事实，而是将经济学理论的演变视为一场持续的意识形态斗争。从古典自由主义的兴起到凯恩斯主义的盛极一时，再到新自由主义浪潮的兴起，书中对支撑这些理论背后的社会精英阶层的利益诉求进行了细致入微的剖析。这种将经济政策“去技术化”，还原为人与人之间权力关系的做法，极大地增强了本书的可读性和冲击力。我发现自己不断地被书中引用的那些过去被主流话语所边缘化的学者的观点所吸引，他们提供了看待同一组数据的全新视角。特别是关于工会力量衰弱对工资谈判能力影响的章节，作者用非常生动的对比手法，展示了制度性力量如何在潜移默化中被削弱，最终导致收入分配的天平向资本一侧倾斜。这是一部充满批判精神的作品，它挑战了我们对“市场原教旨主义”的盲从，要求读者以更加审慎和怀疑的态度去对待那些声称普适的经济真理。
评分这本书的文笔简洁有力，结构严谨得像一座精心设计的建筑。作者似乎深谙“少即是多”的艺术，用最精炼的语言概括了错综复杂的社会经济现象。我特别欣赏作者在处理跨代际财富转移问题时的手法——它不是简单地指责某一代人的“懒惰”或“贪婪”，而是通过对遗产税、资本利得税等具体政策工具的演变轨迹的梳理，揭示了制度如何系统性地固化了既有优势。书中对于“人力资本”概念的解构尤其引人深思，作者质疑了将劳动简单地视为一种可替代的生产要素的做法，强调了技能的沉淀、社区的联系以及非货币化的劳动价值在社会稳定中的关键作用。阅读过程中，我经常停下来反复思考作者提出的那些令人不安的推论，例如，在高度资本集中的时代，民主治理的有效性是否正在被悄然侵蚀。这部著作成功地将宏大的经济史观与对个体命运的关怀融合在一起，读来令人既感到智力上的充实，又带着一丝对未来走向的隐忧。
评分这部作品的价值在于它提供了一套独特的历史解码工具。它不是一本教科书，而更像是一部带有强烈地方色彩的史诗，讲述了某个特定地域在面对全球化冲击时所经历的内部张力与外部压力。作者的写作风格充满了画面感，他擅长捕捉那些标志性的、具有象征意义的场景——比如一座关闭的工厂、一个被遗弃的社区——并以此为切入点，深入探讨更深层次的结构性失衡。我印象最深的是书中对于“技能溢价”现象的细致考察，作者不仅描述了高技能人才收入的飙升，更深入探究了支撑这种溢价背后的监管环境和知识产权保护力度是如何被特定利益集团精心塑造的。这本书的论述极具说服力，因为它始终扎根于具体的、可验证的证据，拒绝任何空泛的理论说教。对于任何希望理解当代社会不平等现象根源，并对未来政策走向有所思考的人来说，这都是一本不可或缺的案头参考书。它迫使读者超越表面的经济指标，去直面那些被高速增长掩盖的、更为深刻的社会代价。
评分a qualitative methodology of variable control; good to expel other possible hypotheses; differences in labor activism in China, France and Mexico is not due to distinctive regimes, but to a state's history of state-union-labor relationship; where union is weak (at the same time not self-undermining or oppressed from above), labor is most active.
评分according to Solinger’s perspective, the concept of union is needed to be interrogated, and it should be representative for proletariats.
评分according to Solinger’s perspective, the concept of union is needed to be interrogated, and it should be representative for proletariats.
评分a qualitative methodology of variable control; good to expel other possible hypotheses; differences in labor activism in China, France and Mexico is not due to distinctive regimes, but to a state's history of state-union-labor relationship; where union is weak (at the same time not self-undermining or oppressed from above), labor is most active.
评分shifting the allies from workers to foreigners & why these three countries differ in their actual outcomes
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