Meditations on First Philosophy pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

第一个沉思，论可以引起怀疑的事物 感官有时会欺骗我们：梦与现实是难以清楚分辨的。 但即便事实是假的，手脚等事物的组成部分必定为真。就像画像画的事物是假的，但画中的颜色总该是真的。 即便手脚等感官的组成部分也是假的，按照上述原理，总该有更简单的一般东西为真实存...  

【按语：Descartes（1596-1650）的《第一哲学沉思集：论上帝的存在和人的灵魂与肉体之间的实在区别》（1641）正文虽然篇幅不长，却是划时代的巨著：一方面，心灵在纯粹的反思中通过作为表象的观念把握到自我、物质和上帝并做出区分。这一认识论路径直接规定了斯宾诺莎、莱布尼...  

onenote格式无法复制上来所以放个图方便以后自己看 1.第一个沉思：论可以引起怀疑的事物 为科学寻找一个不可置疑的持久的基础，从清除一切理所当然的见解开始。 只要有可疑之处的都应被抛弃；从旧见解所根据的原则开始→感官 感官不仅在远距离的东西上骗人，在切身的感受上也有...  

onenote格式无法复制上来所以放个图方便以后自己看 1.第一个沉思：论可以引起怀疑的事物 为科学寻找一个不可置疑的持久的基础，从清除一切理所当然的见解开始。 只要有可疑之处的都应被抛弃；从旧见解所根据的原则开始→感官 感官不仅在远距离的东西上骗人，在切身的感受上也有...  

读得最认真的一本原著，从来没有那么仔细的读过一本书。此书现已被偷

I truly admire Descartes' geometrical method of metaphysical quest, but as he claimed that the idea of God is innate, there rose in me an idea that this is just Descartes' failure of eliminating the Christian bullshit Europe had been feeding him. The idea of God originates from the human desire for an ultimate and perfect cause, which isn't innate.

I truly admire Descartes' geometrical method of metaphysical quest, but as he claimed that the idea of God is innate, there rose in me an idea that this is just Descartes' failure of eliminating the Christian bullshit Europe had been feeding him. The idea of God originates from the human desire for an ultimate and perfect cause, which isn't innate.

I truly admire Descartes' geometrical method of metaphysical quest, but as he claimed that the idea of God is innate, there rose in me an idea that this is just Descartes' failure of eliminating the Christian bullshit Europe had been feeding him. The idea of God originates from the human desire for an ultimate and perfect cause, which isn't innate.

I truly admire Descartes' geometrical method of metaphysical quest, but as he claimed that the idea of God is innate, there rose in me an idea that this is just Descartes' failure of eliminating the Christian bullshit Europe had been feeding him. The idea of God originates from the human desire for an ultimate and perfect cause, which isn't innate.