Leaders in all fields-business, medicine, law, government-make crucial decisions every day. The harsh truth is that they mismanage many of those choices, even though they have the right intentions. These blunders take a huge toll on leaders, their organizations, and the people they serve.

Why is it so hard to make sound decisions? We fall victim to simplified mental routines that prevent us from coping with the complex realities inherent in important judgment calls. Yet these cognitive errors are preventable. In Think Twice, Michael Mauboussin shows you how to recognize-and avoid-common mental missteps, including:

-Misunderstanding cause-and-effect linkages

-Aggregating micro-level behavior to predict macro-level behavior

-Not considering enough alternative possibilities in making a decision

-Relying too much on experts

Sharing vivid stories from business and beyond, Mauboussin offers powerful rules for avoiding each error. And he explains how to know when it's time to think twice-to question your reasoning and adopt decision-making strategies that are far more effective, even if they seem counterintuitive.

Master the art of thinking twice, and you'll start spotting dangerous mental errors-in your own decisions and in those of others. Equipped with this awareness, you'll soon begin making sounder judgment calls that benefit (rather than hurt) your organization.

[美]邁剋爾•莫布森（Michael J. Mauboussin），哥倫比亞商學院教授，聖塔菲研究所核心成員，研究領域橫跨心理學、競爭策略、金融、管理、復雜係統理論等，是當代復雜科學領域的領軍人物，曾獲得美國“商學院年度傑齣教授”、“卓越教學奬”等奬項。

現任美盛資産管理公司首席投資策略師，曾任瑞士瑞信銀行董事總經理兼美國分行首席投資策略師，在金融服務業工作超過25年，曾入選“全美投資分析師”、《華爾街日報》“全明星分析師”、“華爾街最有影響力人物”。

文章常見於《時代》《福布斯》《華爾街日報》《哈佛商業評論》《財富》等，另著有《魔鬼投資學》《期望投資學》等暢銷書，作品被翻譯成14種語言齣版，並入選《商業周刊》“年度十佳商業書”、“史上百大經典商業書”等。