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Major religious traditions of the world contain perspectives of perennial importance on the topic of death and afterlife. Such concepts and beliefs are not only reflected directly in mortuary and funerary practices, but also inform patterns of beliefs and rituals that shape human lifestyles. Though evidenced in sacred texts, they cannot be fully understood in isolation by textual study alone. Rather, they must be explored in terms of a comprehensive understanding of the given religious system as rooted in an overall culture. Here 13 scholars, each a specialist in a particular religious tradition, outline the beliefs, myths, and practices relating to death and afterlife. The volume introduction provides a framework for understanding the evolutionary relationships among world religions and the unity as well as the diversity of their quest for overcoming death. Part 1 comprises chapters on African religions representing the nonliterate religious experience and on ancient religions of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Greece. Studies of these religions serve as background for comprehending concepts relating to death and afterlife in the major world religions, which are dealt with in Part 2, on Western religions, and Part 3, on Eastern religions. The particular method of approach to each tradition is determined by the nature of the material. With death and afterlife as the common focus, this group of scholars has brought to bear its diverse expertise in anthropology, classics, archaeology, biblical studies, history, and theology. The result is a text for comparative religious courses and, beyond that, a book aiming to extend our understanding of human thoughts and aspirations. It offers a global perspective from which an individual can ponder his or her own personal issues concerning death and afterlife.

Preface vii
Introduction ix
Hiroshi Obayashi
PART I. DEATH AND AFTERLIFE IN NONLITERATE AND ANCIENT RELIGIONS
Living with Spirits: Death and Afterlife in African Religions 3
George C. Bond
The Fate of Mankind: Death and Afterlife in Ancient Mesopotamia 19
Jerrold S. Cooper
Taking It With You: The Problem of Death and Afterlife in Ancient Egypt 35
William J. Murnane
Death and Afterlife in Greek Tragedy and Plato 49
Helen F. North
PART II. DEATH AND AFTERLIFE IN WESTERN RELIGIONS
From Witchcraft to Justice: Death and Afterlife in the Old Testament 67
George E. Mendenhall
Death and Afterlife in the New Testament 83
Leander E. Keck
Bound Up in the Bond of Life: Death and Afterlife in the Jewish Tradition 97
Robert Goldenberg
Death and Eternal Life in Christianity 109
Hiroshi Obayashi
``Your Sight Today Is Piercing'': The Muslim Understanding of Death and Afterlife 125
William C. Chittick
PART III. DEATH AND AFTERLIFE IN EASTERN RELIGIONS
Hindu Views of Death and Afterlife 143
Thomas J. Hopkins
Death as Threat, Death as Achievement: Buddhist Perspectives with Particular Reference to the Theravada Tradition 157
Frank E. Reynolds
The Tibetan Tantric View of Death and Afterlife 169
Elisabeth Benard
Death and Afterlife in Chinese Religions 181
Judith A. Berling
Bibliography: For Further Reading 193
Index 201
About the Editor and Contributors 207
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