INTRODUCTION
Scientists know that Homo sapiens slowly emerged on this planet over a period spanning millions of years.
As with every other life form with whom we share the Earth, human beings responded (and still respond) to
the natural forces that have shaped who we are. This process resulted in many changes qn our anatomy and
physiology. This was especially true for our central nervous system, as we adapted in uniquttways to the
demands of our physical environment. It is safe to say that at some point in thc remote past our evolving
nervous system produced a brain of considerable complexity. Not just any brain, but a thinking brain that was
supremely capable of permitting a wide range of new behaviors. When this occurred, early humans were no
longer at the mercy of genetically predetermined instincts. Instead, we acquired the ability to learn, think inde-
pendently, and act in accordance with our own will. In the process, we also acquired the ability to commu-
nicate and share our thoughts and feelings with one another.
The evidence from the fossil record strongly indicates that our ancient predecessors won survival, nor
through aggression as many have assmned, but through cooperation. By cooperating, early humans created
powerful societies for hunting,defense and protection of the young, thus beating the odds to win their survival.
Through ritual burials and cave paintings, our ancient ancestors sought to symbolically represent their feelings
and beliefs. They became the first animals on planet Earth with an apparent need to define their place in the
cosmos. They asked questions such as, "Who am 1? How did I get here?" "What was it that made me what 1
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