Empty Nets is a disturbing history of broken promises and justice delayed. It chronicles a native peoples fight to maintain their livelihood and culture in the face of an indifferent federal bureaucracy and hostile state governments. In 1939, the U.S. Government promised to provide Columbia River Indians with replacements for traditional fishing sites flooded in the backwater of the Bonneville Dam. Roberta Ulrich recounts the Indians' sixty-year struggle, in the courts and on the river, to persuade the government to keep its promise. From the beginning, the battle was intertwined with the tribes' larger effort to assert treaty guaranteed fishing rights. Ulrich deftly examines a host of other issuesincluding declining salmon runs, industrial development, tribal self-government, and recreation that became enmeshed in the tribes' pursuit of justice. Her broad and incisive account ranges from descriptions of the dam's disastrous effects on a salmon dependent culture to portraits of the plights of individual Indian families. Descendants of those to whom the promise was made and activists who have spent their lives working to acquire the sites reveal the remarkable patience and resilience of the Columbia River Indians. In a new epilogue, Ulrich updates the story of the treaty fishing sites now all nearly completedand describes political and cultural developments since 1999, including a major new component: the planned reconstruction of the Celilo Indian Village. And yet despite the everchanging circumstances surrounding the treaty sites, the tribes' objective remains the same. In the words of Donald Sampson, former executive director of the Columbia River InterTribal Fish Commission, Our people's desire is simply to preserve the fish, to preserve our way of life, now and for future generations.