Leading researchers in the life sciences and engineers involved in research of transport phenomena in biological systems have contributed chapters that identify, analyze, and modify the control and regulation mechanisms of transport phenomena in biological systems, with particular emphasis on the cardiac system. Included in the contributions to this volume are the following topics: signaling mechanisms and transport phenomena; blood-tissue exchange and inter-tissue transport; cellular membrane transport and endocytosis of ions and metabolites; intracellular transport, energetics, and molecular motors; system biology, uni- and multi-scale transport models, and hierarchical analysis; and clinical considerations -- cardiac protection, metabolic and pharmaceutical augmentation, and interferences. NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas. ACADEMY MEMBERS: Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order (www.nyas.org). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to the Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit http://www.nyas.org/MemberCenter/Join.aspx for more information about becoming a member