The Politics of Working Life

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出版者:Oxford Univ Pr
作者:Edwards, P. K./ Wajcman, Judy
出品人:
页数:336
译者:
出版时间:2005-11
价格:$ 56.50
装帧:Pap
isbn号码:9780199271917
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • 非小说
  • 科技
  • 政治学
  • 社会学
  • 工作
  • 劳工关系
  • 组织行为学
  • 经济学
  • 公共政策
  • 权力
  • 不平等
  • 现代社会
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具体描述

How does the politics of working life shape modern organizations? Is our desire for meaningful, secure work increasingly at odds with corporate behaviour in a globalized economy? Does the rise of performance management culture represent an intensification of work, or create opportunities for the freewheeling individual career? This timely and engaging book, by leading authorities in the field, adopts the standpoint of the 'questioning observer'. It is for those who need an informed account of work that is accessible without being superficial. The book is unique in its multi-dimensional approach, weaving together analysis of individual work experience, political processes in organizations, and the wider context of the social structuring of markets. The book identifies central questions about working experience and answers them in a direct and lively manner. It has a strong analytical foundation based on a political economy framework, giving particular weight to the contradictory character of organizations. These contradictions turn on the competing demands placed on organizations and the different political projects of groups within them. This perspective integrates the chapters, and permits numerous scholarly debates to be addressed - including those on identity projects, gender and work, power and participation, escalation in decision-making, and the meaning of corporate social responsibility. This book is suitable for undergraduate and graduate classes in Organizational Behaviour, Business Strategy and the Sociology of Work and Employment. It will also appeal to the general reader interested in grappling with the complexity of the changing environment of work.

变革中的劳作图景:后工业时代的劳动政治学探析 本书简介 在二十一世纪的全球化浪潮与技术革命的深刻影响下,传统的工作模式正经历着前所未有的剧变。本书《变革中的劳作图景:后工业时代的劳动政治学探析》(暂定名)旨在深入剖析当代社会中劳动关系、权力结构以及个体经验的复杂演变,聚焦于那些被主流叙事所忽视的、发生在工作场所内部和边缘的政治动态。我们并非要探讨既有的、结构化的“工作生活政治”议题,而是着眼于新的劳动形态如何重塑权力分配、身份认同以及集体行动的可能性。 本书的基石建立在一个核心观察之上:数字技术、零工经济(Gig Economy)的崛起以及对“弹性”与“敏捷性”的无限追求,正在系统性地解构战后形成的劳动契约的稳固性。这种解构不仅仅是经济层面的调整,更是一场深刻的社会政治重塑,它要求我们重新审视“工人”的定义、工作的价值以及劳动者在资本积累过程中的主体地位。 第一部分:解构与重塑:后福特主义的劳动基础 本部分将首先批判性地考察福特主义(Fordism)向后福特主义(Post-Fordism)过渡的驱动力及其后果。我们关注的重点在于,去中心化、项目化和平台化的工作组织如何模糊了雇佣与自雇之间的界限。 第一章:平台经济的隐形围墙:算法统治下的劳动主体性 零工经济平台,如外卖、网约车服务,构建了一种新型的“算法管理”体系。本章将细致描摹算法如何充当隐形的工头,进行实时监控、绩效评估和报酬分配。我们探讨,在这种模式下,劳动者如何被异化为“可编程的节点”,其自主性和能动性在看似灵活的结构中如何被系统性地压缩。研究聚焦于劳动者对算法决策的上诉机制缺失,以及这种透明度悖论——工作过程被完全数据化,但决策逻辑却对劳动者完全不透明——如何成为新的权力工具。 第二章:知识工作者的脆弱边界:专业主义的去魅 随着服务业和高科技产业的扩张,知识工作者(Knowledge Workers)的数量激增。本书挑战了将他们视为“独立专业人士”的浪漫化叙事。通过对咨询业、软件开发团队以及创意产业的案例分析,我们揭示了知识劳动中日益增长的“情绪劳动”和“隐形劳动”的负担。这些劳动通常不被量化,却构成了价值创造的核心,例如持续的学习压力、人际关系维护以及对组织文化的无偿贡献。本章将分析,当“职业声誉”成为关键资产时,劳动者如何被迫接受更高水平的自我剥削,以维持其在竞争激烈的市场中的地位。 第二部分:空间与时间政治:工作地点的流动与异化 当代劳动不再局限于固定的工厂或办公室。远程办公、混合工作模式的兴起,深刻地改变了工作与生活的物理与心理边界。 第三章:家的“工作化”:远程劳动中的空间入侵 远程工作(Remote Work)的普及,在提供了便利的同时,也导致了工作与私人生活空间的持续渗透。本章考察了这种空间重叠所带来的政治后果。对于家庭照料者(尤其是女性)而言,远程工作常常意味着照料责任的加倍。我们深入研究了数字工具如何成为一种“全天候在岗”的契约延伸,以及劳动者如何通过自我设定界限的失败,最终陷入一种无休止的“待命”状态。这不仅仅是时间管理的问题,更是对身体自主权被持续侵占的政治抗议。 第四章:“随时待命”的伦理困境:弹性工作的陷阱 “弹性”(Flexibility)是当代劳动市场最被推崇的价值之一,但本书认为,这种弹性往往是以牺牲劳动者的稳定性和可预测性为代价的。我们分析了在弹性时间表下,个体如何被迫承担更多的风险管理责任——包括技能过时、项目失败或客户流失的风险。这种风险的私人化(Privatization of Risk)是国家福利体系和企业责任退缩的直接体现,它将社会性问题转化为个体责任的压力锅。 第三部分:新兴的抵抗形式与集体行动的困境 在旧有的工会结构和集体谈判机制受到挑战时,劳动者正探索新的组织和抵抗形式。 第五章:微观政治的抗争:数字环境中的非正式联合 传统的工会组织难以有效覆盖零工劳动者和远程员工。本章关注新兴的、分散的抵抗模式,例如在社交媒体群组、匿名论坛中出现的“闪电罢工”(Flash Mobs of Labor Withdrawal)或针对特定算法的“集体怠工”(Collective Slowdown)。我们评估了这些新型联合体的优势(快速动员、低组织门槛)和根本性局限(易于被算法识别和瓦解、缺乏长期谈判能力)。这是一种“去中心化的政治”,其效果和可持续性仍是巨大的未知数。 第六章:身份政治与劳动叙事:谁是“真正的”劳动者? 全球范围内,关于最低工资、普遍基本收入(UBI)和“零工税收”的辩论,暴露了不同群体劳动者之间日益加剧的鸿沟。本书批判性地审视了身份政治如何影响劳动运动的优先事项。例如,白领知识工作者的“工作满意度”议题,可能与蓝领或移民服务工作者的基本生存权诉求产生张力。本章探讨了如何构建一个包容性的劳动政治叙事,以应对技术变革带来的碎片化,避免新的劳动者阶层隔离。 结论:重新定位劳动政治的未来疆域 本书最后总结了我们对当代劳动政治图景的理解:它是一个充满矛盾和不确定性的空间,技术进步与权力集中以前所未有的方式交织在一起。我们主张,对工作的新政治学探索,必须超越传统的生产关系框架,深入到日常生活、情感投入和数字基础设施的层面。未来的劳工运动和政策制定者,必须学会解读算法的语言,理解空间的重组,并为那些在“弹性”外衣下被隐形化的劳动者发声,从而重建一个更具韧性和公平性的工作未来。

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当我在《The Politics of Working Life》中探索的时候,我发现自己越来越被“边界”这个概念所吸引。我们总以为工作和生活是两个 distinct 的领域,有着清晰的界限。但这本书似乎在有力地论证,这种界限是多么的 fluid and porous,以及政治力量是如何 actively shaping and blurring these boundaries. I'm eager to read about how the author might examine the "always-on" culture, the blurring lines between professional and personal time due to technology, and the increasing expectation for workers to be available outside of traditional working hours. This phenomenon, I suspect, is not merely a result of individual choices but is deeply intertwined with political and economic pressures that prioritize constant availability and productivity. The book could explore how the erosion of these boundaries can lead to burnout, stress, and a diminished capacity for engaging in other aspects of life, including civic and political participation. The author's analysis of how political systems and economic imperatives contribute to this phenomenon, potentially undermining work-life balance and individual well-being, feels like a critical area of contemporary relevance.

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《The Politics of Working Life》这本书,给我最大的震撼在于它对“自由”这个词的重新定义。我们常常被告知,选择一份工作,选择从事某种职业,是一种自由的体现,是个人 autonomy 的证明。但作者却以一种 startlingly direct 的方式,将这份“自由”置于政治经济的宏大框架下审视。我开始思考,当就业市场高度集中,当企业拥有 overwhelming leverage,当社会保障体系不健全时,我们所谓的“选择”,究竟有多少是 genuine 的,又有多少是被迫的?书中是否会深入探讨,那些为了生存而不得不接受的低薪、不稳定的工作,它们对个体的 self-worth 和 political agency 会产生怎样的 erosive effects?我特别期待看到,作者如何揭示,那些看似 individual 的职业困境,实则是由 broader political decisions 和 economic policies所造成的 systemic issue。它不仅仅是关于“我”找不到好工作,而是关于“我们”的就业结构出现了什么问题。我希望这本书能 provide concrete examples of how political structures limit or enable worker agency, and how workers, in turn, can try to reclaim or expand their freedom within these constraints. This exploration of the often illusory nature of choice in the labor market feels incredibly relevant to the contemporary discussion around economic inequality and the future of work. The author's approach seems to be one of peeling back the layers of ideology to reveal the underlying political realities that govern our working lives.

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《The Politics of Working Life》这本书,给了我一种对“效率”这个概念的 profound rethinking。我们被 constantly bombarded with messages about the importance of productivity, optimization, and efficiency in the workplace. But what if these relentless pursuits of efficiency come at a significant human cost? I'm eager to see how the author explores the potential for "efficiency" to be used as a tool for exploitation, leading to increased workloads, reduced breaks, and a dehumanizing focus on output at the expense of worker well-being. The book might delve into discussions about Taylorism and its modern manifestations, and how the drive for quantifiable results can sometimes overshadow the qualitative aspects of work and the intrinsic value of human labor. I'm particularly interested in understanding the political dimensions of this pursuit of efficiency. Who benefits from this hyper-focus on productivity, and what are the political structures that enable and perpetuate it? This might involve examining how management strategies, technological innovations, and even government policies can be geared towards maximizing output, potentially at the expense of fair labor practices and worker autonomy. The book seems to be offering a critical lens to question what "efficiency" truly means and for whom it serves.

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翻开《The Politics of Working Life》,我脑海里 immediately 浮现出的是一个庞大而复杂的图景,关于我们个体如何在错综复杂的社会结构中 navigating 我们的职业生涯,以及这些决策最终如何 shaping 我们的政治意识和行动。我尤其期待书中能够深入探讨,那些看似私人的工作选择,比如是否要接受一份低薪但有意义的工作,或是拼命追求晋升以获得经济上的安全感,是如何与更宏观的政治议程 interwoven 的。我很好奇作者会如何解析,当个人对工作的满意度、付出与回报的感知,与国家层面的经济政策、劳工法规,甚至是国际贸易协定之间产生 friction 时,普通人的生活会因此产生怎样的涟漪。书中或许会揭示,我们每天在办公室、工厂、商店里付出的辛勤劳动,并非 isolated 的个人奋斗,而是 embedded 在一个更大的权力体系之中,这个体系既塑造了我们工作的条件,也反过来被我们的集体劳动所 sustaining。我希望作者能够以一种 highly detailed 的方式,展示这些看不见的连接,让我们能够更清晰地看到,那些关于剥削、关于公平、关于劳动者权利的讨论,并非 abstract 的理论,而是 directly 影响着我们每天早晨醒来,是否愿意走进工作场所的 profound reality。我想象中,书中可能会包含一些 case studies,将理论性的分析 concrete 地呈现出来,让我们看到不同行业、不同地区、不同社会阶层的劳动者,在面对相似的政治经济压力时,所做出的 unique 反应和所承担的 different consequences。这不仅仅是对“工作”这一概念的 dissection,更是对“生活”本身,以及它如何被“工作”所塑造的 profound exploration,这让我对接下来的阅读充满了 anticipation。

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读到《The Politics of Working Life》的这一部分,我仿佛置身于一场关于权力 dynamics 的深刻辩论之中。作者以一种 remarkably nuanced 的方式,揭示了工作场所不仅仅是生产商品或提供服务的空间,更是一个 micro-level 的政治 arena,在那里,hierarchies are constantly negotiated, and influence is subtly wielded。我尤其被书中对 managerial power 的 intricate description 所吸引。它不仅仅是 formal authority 的体现,更是通过 decision-making processes, performance evaluation systems, even the subtle language used in meetings, to shape employee behavior and expectations。我开始反思,我自己在工作中,有多少次 unknowingly became a participant in these power games?作者似乎在鼓励我们,要学会辨识和理解这些 dynamics,不被 superficial appearances所蒙蔽。我期待书中能够进一步探讨,当劳动者意识到这些权力结构的存在时,他们会有怎样的选择?是 passive acceptance,还是 active resistance?而这种 resistance,又可能以何种形式出现?是 individual acts of defiance,还是 collective organizing?我感觉这本书正在 pushing me to think beyond the immediate tasks of my job, and to consider the larger forces that are shaping my professional experience. The author's ability to connect the seemingly mundane aspects of daily work to these larger political currents is truly impressive. I feel that by dissecting these power dynamics, the book is offering a critical lens through which to understand not just "working life" but the very fabric of our society, where power imbalances are a constant and pervasive feature.

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这本书《The Politics of Working Life》在我的阅读旅程中,扮演了一个“破壁人”的角色。它拆解了我对“职业发展”的狭隘理解,将其置于一个 far more complex socio-political ecosystem 中进行考察。我常常将工作视为一个 linear progression,一个通过努力和技能提升就能不断攀升的 ladder。但书中似乎在暗示,这个 ladder 本身就是由政治力量所建造和维系的。我期待书中能够详细阐述,那些看似中立的职业晋升机制,比如绩效评估、岗位选拔,是如何 implicitly and explicitly shaped by existing power structures and ideologies。Are these systems truly meritocratic, or do they serve to perpetuate existing inequalities? I’m keen to understand how the book might explore the concept of "credentialism" and its role in shaping access to certain professions, and whether these credentials are a genuine reflection of competence or a gatekeeping mechanism. The author's potential critique of the ways in which certain fields are valued over others, and how these valuations are often rooted in historical biases and political agendas, feels like a crucial area of exploration. It’s about understanding that our careers are not solely the product of our individual efforts, but are also heavily influenced by the larger political and social architectures that define opportunity and success.

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《The Politics of Working Life》这本书,以一种令人警醒的方式,让我重新审视了“风险”在我们工作生活中的角色。我过去倾向于将工作中的风险视为个体运气或个人疏忽的结果。但这本书似乎在揭示,这些风险,无论是身体上的、心理上的,还是经济上的,都并非随机分布,而是 deeply intertwined with political and economic power dynamics. I'm anticipating discussions on how certain groups of workers are disproportionately exposed to higher levels of risk due to their socio-economic status, the nature of their industry, or the regulatory environment they operate within. The book might explore how political decisions, such as deregulation or the weakening of safety standards, can directly translate into increased risks for laborers. Furthermore, I'm curious about the author's perspective on how the burden of risk is often shifted onto the individual worker, while the entities that create or benefit from these risks may face less accountability. This exploration of the political construction and distribution of risk feels crucial for understanding the lived experiences of many workers and the broader social justice implications.

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翻阅《The Politics of Working Life》的这一章节,我仿佛在进行一场关于“归属感”的深度对话,尤其是在职场环境中。我们常常被教导要“融入”团队,要“贡献”于公司文化,但这背后隐藏的,究竟是自然的契合,还是政治性的建构?我期待书中能够深入探讨,那些由政治力量所塑造的“企业文化”,是如何通过 implicit and explicit means to influence employee behavior, attitudes, and even their sense of identity. Does this manufactured sense of belonging truly serve the workers, or does it primarily serve the interests of the organization, potentially stifling dissent and critical thinking? The author might explore how the pursuit of a homogenous and compliant workforce can be a political strategy, and what the consequences are for diversity, individuality, and the very notion of authentic human connection in the workplace. I'm eager to understand how the book connects these ideas of manufactured belonging to broader political narratives about loyalty, conformity, and the role of the individual within larger collective structures, and whether this ultimately serves to empower or disempower the working individual.

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《The Politics of Working Life》这本书,在我阅读的过程中,不断地挑战着我对于“经济”的固有认知。我习惯性地将经济活动视为一个纯粹的、客观的市场过程,是 supply and demand 的 abstract dance。但这本书却以一种 unsettling 的方式,将政治的 influence embedded into every aspect of economic life. I'm eager to explore how authors delve into the ways in which political ideologies, government regulations, and international trade agreements directly shape the very nature of work, the types of jobs that are available, and the compensation that workers receive. It’s not just about how the economy affects work, but how political decisions actively construct the economic realities that govern our working lives. I'm particularly interested in discussions about neoliberalism, austerity measures, and their impact on labor markets, potentially leading to precarious employment and widening income inequality. The book seems to be making a powerful case that economic outcomes are not predetermined, but are the result of ongoing political struggles and choices. This perspective encourages a more critical engagement with economic discourse, urging readers to ask not just "how much does it cost?" but "who benefits and who is disadvantaged by these economic arrangements?" This deeper understanding of the politicized nature of economics feels essential for comprehending the broader challenges facing workers today.

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读到《The Politics of Working Life》的这一章,我感觉自己仿佛在参与一场关于“集体”的深刻对话。书中对 unionization, collective bargaining, and worker solidarity 的探讨,让我对“个体力量”的局限性有了更清晰的认识。我一直以来都认为,在职场中,个人的努力和能力是决定一切的关键。但这本书却 strongly suggests,如果没有 collective action,个体的声音很容易被淹没,个人的诉求也难以得到 satisfying 的回应。我期待书中能够提供 historical context and contemporary examples of how organized labor has shaped, and continues to shape, working conditions and political landscapes. It’s not just about fighting for better wages, but about influencing broader social policies related to healthcare, education, and social welfare. I’m also curious about the challenges that contemporary movements face, such as globalization, automation, and the changing nature of employment. How do these new realities impact the effectiveness of collective action? The author’s exploration of this theme feels particularly crucial in a world where individual isolation can be exacerbated by technological advancements. The book seems to be arguing that true transformation often requires a united front, a collective voice that can challenge established power structures and advocate for a more equitable distribution of resources and opportunities.

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