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Recent breakdowns in American national security have exposed the weaknesses of the nation's vast overlapping security and foreign policy bureaucracy and the often dysfunctional interagency process. In the literature of national security studies, however, surprisingly little attention is given to the specific dynamics or underlying organizational cultures that often drive the bureaucratic politics of U.S. security policy.

The National Security Enterprise offers a broad overview and analysis of the many government agencies involved in national security issues, the interagency process, Congressional checks and balances, and the influence of private sector organizations. The chapters cover the National Security Council, the Departments of Defense and State, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of Homeland Security, and the Office of Management and Budget. The book also focuses on the roles of Congress, the Supreme Court, and outside players in the national security process like the media, think tanks, and lobbyists. Each chapter details the organizational culture and personality of these institutions so that readers can better understand the mindsets that drive these organizations and their roles in the policy process.

Many of the contributors to this volume are long-time practitioners who have spent most of their careers working for these organizations. As such, they offer unique insights into how diplomats, military officers, civilian analysts, spies, and law enforcement officials are distinct breeds of policymakers and political actors. To illustrate how different agencies can behave in the face of a common challenge, contributors reflect in detail on their respective agency's behavior during the Iraq War.

This impressive volume is suitable for academic studies at both the undergraduate and graduate level; ideal for U.S. government, military, and national security training programs; and useful for practitioners and specialists in national security studies

Roger Z. George teaches national security policymaking at Georgetown University and the National War College. He has also worked at the CIA, National Intelligence Council, the State Department's Policy Planning Staff, and the Office of the Secretary of Defense.

Harvey Rishikof is a professor of law and national security studies at the National War College and the chair of the American Bar Association Standing Committee on law and national security. He has served as legal counsel to the deputy director of the FBI, as a federal appellate law clerk, and as administrative assistant to the chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

Table of Contents
Foreword
Lt. Gen. Brent Scowcroft, USAF (Ret.)
Preface
Introduction: The National Security Enterprise: Institutions, Cultures and Politics
Roger Z. George and Harvey Rishikof
Part I: The Interagency Process
1. History of the Interagency Process for Foreign Relations in the United States: Murphy's Law?
Jon J. Rosenwasser and Michael Warner
2. The Evolution of the NSC Process
David Auerswald
3. The Office of Management and Budget: The President's Policy Tool
Gordon Adams
4. The State Department: Culture as Interagency Destiny?
Marc Grossman
5. The Office of the Secretary of Defense: Civilian Masters?
Frederick C. Smith and Franklin C. Miller
6. The Military: Forging a Joint Warrior Culture
Michael J. Meese and Isaiah Wilson III
7. Office of the Director of National Intelligence: Promising Start Despite Ambiguity, Ambivalence, and Animosity
Thomas Fingar
8. Central Intelligence Agency: The President's Own
Roger Z. George
9. The Evolving FBI: Becoming a New National Security Enterprise Asset
Harvey Rishikof
10. The Department of Homeland Security: Chief of Coordination
Gary M. Shiffman and Jonathan Hoffman
Part II: The President's Partners and Rivals
11. Congress: Checking Presidential Power
Gerald Felix Warburg
12. The United States Supreme Court: The Cult of the Robe in the National Security Enterprise
Harvey Rishikof
Part III: The Outside Players
13. Lobbyists: U.S. National Security and Special Interests
Gerald Felix Warburg
14. Think Tanks: Supporting Cast Players in the National Security Enterprise
Ellen Laipson
15. The Media: Witness to the National Security Enterprise
John Diamond
Conclusion: Navigating the Labyrinth of the National Security Enterprise
Harvey Rishikof and Roger Z. George
Contributors
Index
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