Acknowledgments xi
A note on transliteration, Persian calendar, and translation xiii
List of figures xv
List of tables xvii
List of acronyms and abbreviations xix
Introduction 1
chapter 1
Sociological perspectives 9
Sociological approaches to translation 9
Typologies 10
Concepts in Bourdieu’s sociology of culture 11
Field 11
Habitus 13
Capital 14
Publishing field and Bourdieu’s analysis of the publishing field in France 15
Beyond Bourdieu 17
Agent(s) of translation 17
Agency 19
Basic definitions 19
The problem of agency-structure 20
Principal-agent theory 20
Research on agency in TS 21
Paloposki’s model of agency 22
Translator’s agency: the way forward 24
Methodological issues 25
Three-tier model for the study of agency 25
Collection and analysis of data 26
Historical and archival study 29
Case studies 29
chapter 2
History 31
Overview 31
The Qajar period (1795–1925) 31
The Pahlavi period (1925–1979) 32
Post-Revolution Iran (1979–present) 34
The beginnings of post-Revolution Iran and the war period
(1980–1988) 34
The postwar period (1989–1996) 35
The reform period of President Mohammad Khatami (1997–2005) 35
The return of the conservatives (2005–2012) 36
Discourse 37
Academic resources 38
Records of the Pahlavi period (1925–1979) 39
Research at the postgraduate level 40
Bibliographies of translation 41
Literary translators on their profession 42
Translation conferences 42
Motarjem 43
Translation of the Quran into Persian 44
Nonacademic resources 45
Concern for Persian 45
Translations versus authorial works 46
Persian scholars on translation 46
On translators 47
Special issues 48
Exchange 48
chapter 3
The Qajar period (1795–1925) 51
Overview 52
The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan 59
Introduction 59
Once upon a time in Britain, Persia, and India 60
James Justinian Morier 60
Mirza Habib Esfahani 61
Haji Sheikh Ahmad Ruhi Kermani 62
Douglas Craven Phillott 64
Previous scholarship on The Adventures 67
Iranian scholarship 67
Non-Iranian scholarship 68
Textual analyses 68
Analysis of the translation 71
Additions and the amplification of meaning 72
Flamboyant descriptions and omissions 74
Discussion 76
chapter 4
The Pahlavi period (1925–1979) 81
Overview 82
Translation flows 85
Censorship 87
Copyright 88
Pride and Prejudice (1) 90
Profile of the translator 91
Translation history 93
Analysis of the translation 93
Analysis of footnotes 95
Analysis of paratext 96
Translator’s introduction 96
Analysis of the cover page and title page 98
Analysis of the publisher’s promotional materials 99
Translation review 100
Discussion 101
Individual and institutional agency in three publishing houses 102
The Amir Kabir Publishing house 103
Bongah-ye Tarjomeh va Nashr-e Ketab 106
The Tehran branch of the Franklin Book Programs 109
chapter 5
The post-Revolution period (1979 –present) 117
Overview 118
“Cultural Revolution” and translation 118
Selections 119
Motivations 120
Censorship 121
The publishing field 123
Translation flows 126
General perception 129
Introduction 129
The position of translators in the field of literary translation 129
Literary translation and translators in pre- and post-Revolution Iran 130
Priority of capital for literary translators 131
Copyright 131
Censorship 132
The Iran Annual Book Prize for literary translators 132
Pride and Prejudice (2) 133
Profile of the translator 134
Translation history 134
Rezaei’s translation 134
Retranslations 135
Analysis of the translation 136
Reviews 139
Analysis of the paratext 140
Introduction 140
Translator’s introduction 141
Analysis of the cover design 142
Analysis of the publisher’s promotional materials 144
Discussion 145
On the publisher’s agency 147
The War of the End of the World 150
Profile of the translator 150
Translating The War of the End of the World 154
Discussion 156
Portrait of the publisher 158
Women translators 161
Introduction 161
Mozhdeh Daqiqi 163
Khojasteh Keyhan 167
Shirin Ta’avoni 170
Discussion 172
Selections 172
Motivations 172
Context 173
chapter 6
“The assembly is finished and…” 175
Implications 181
Some limitations in scope 183
Bourdieu’s sociology of culture and its application to Iran 183
More to do? 185
References 189
Appendices 213
Index 227
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