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The best-selling Hitopadeśa gives its reader much more than “Friendly Advice.” In one handy collection—closely related to the world-famous Pañcatantra or “Five Discourse on Worldly Wisdom”—Naráyana’s book combines numerous animal fables with human stories, all designed to instruct wayward princes. Tales of canny procuresses compete with those of cunning crows and tigers. An intrusive ass is simply thrashed by his master, but the meddlesome monkey ends up with his testicles crushed. One prince manages to enjoy himself with a merchant’s wife with her husband’s consent, while another is kicked out of paradise by a painted image.

This volume also contains the compact version of “King Víkrama’s Adventures,” thirty-two popular tales about a generous emperor, told by thirty-two statuettes adorning his lion-throne.

Judit Törzsök is Lecturer in Sanskrit, Université Charles-de-Gaulle, Lille. She has also translated Rama Beyond Price for the CSL.

Sanskrit alphabetical order. 11
CSL conventions. 11
“FRIENDLY ADVICE” AND “KING VIKRAMA’S ADVENTURES”
Preface. 17
FRIENDLY ADVICE. 21
Introduction. 23
Invocation. 55
Prologue. 61
Book I. On How to Win Friends. 77
Story 1. The Old Tiger and the Traveler. 82
Story 2. The Deer, the Crow and the Jackal. 108
Story 3. The Old Vulture and the Cat. 110
Story 4. The Monks and the Mouse. 142
Story 5. The Old Man and his Young Wife. 144
Story 6. The Greedy Jackal. 170
Story 7. The Prince and the Merchant’s Wife. 190
Story 8. The Jackal and the Elephant. 194
Book II. On How to Break Friendships. 211
Story 1. The Monkey and the Wedge. 226
Story 2. The Ass and the Dog. 228
Story 3. The Lion and the Cat. 258
Story 4. The Procuress and the Bell. 264
Story 5. The Prince, the Go-Between and the Gem-Merchant. 276
Story 6. The Woman with Two Lovers. 286
Story 7. The Crows and the Snake. 290
Story 8. The Lion and the Hare. 292
Story 9. The Lapwing and the Sea. 310
Book III. War. 335
Story 1. The Birds who Advised the Monkeys. 340
Story 2. The Ass Disguised as a Tiger. 342
Story 3. The Elephant and the Hare. 346
Story 4. The Goose and the Crow. 358
Story 5. The Quail and the Crow. 358
Story 6. The Cuckolded Wheelwright. 360
Story 7. The Blue Jackal. 380
Story 8. The King’s Faithful Servant. 402
Story 9. The Barber who Killed a Beggar. 412
Book IV. Peace. 443
Story 1. The Tortoise and the Ganders. 446
Story 2. The Three Fishes. 448
Story 3. The Merchant’s Wife and her Lover. 448
Story 4. The Cranes and the Mongooses. 454
Story 5. The Sage and the Mouse. 460
Story 6. The Old Crane and the Crab. 462
Story 7. The Brahmin who Broke Pots and Pans. 466
Story 8. The Two Demons. 470
Story 9. The Brahmin and the Three Rogues. 486
Story 10. The Lion, his Servants and the Camel. 488
Story 11. The Cunning Snake and the Frogs. 496
Story 12. The Brahmin and the Mongoose. 512
KING VIKRAMA’S ADVENTURES. 539
Introduction. 541
Chapter I. Invocation and the Conversation of Shiva and Parvati. 557
Chapter II. King Bhartrihari and the Fruit of Immortality or How Vikrama Became King. 565
Chapter III. Vikrama Meets a Vampire; He Receives a Throne from Indra for his Help. 579
Chapter IV. King Vikrama’s Death and the Hiding of the Throne. 587
Chapter V. King Bhoja Finds the Throne. 593
Chapter VI. Bhoja Attempts to Mount the Throne. 601
Story 1. Vikrama’s Principle for Giving Alms. 604
Story 2. The Brahmin’s Unsuccessful Sacrifice. 606
Story 3. The Four Magic Jewels Given by the Sea-God. 610
Story 4. Vikrama’s Gratitude Tested by a Brahmin. 614
Story 5. Two Lifeless Bodies Resurrected by Vikrama. 616
Story 6. Vikrama Gratifies a Lying Ascetic. 618
Story 7. The Dilemma of the Jewel-Carrier. 620
Story 8. Sacrifice for a Man who was Dedicated to an Ogre. 622
Story 9. Vikrama Causes a Water Tank to be Filled. 624
Story 10. Vikrama Obtains a Magic Mantra from an Ascetic. 626
Story 11. The Spend thrift Heir and the Woman Tormented by an Ogre. 628
Story 12. Vikrama’s Lavishness. 632
Story 13. Vikrama Helps the Spirit of a Brahmin. 634
Story 14. An Ascetic Warns Vikrama against the Neglect of Kingly Duty. 636
Story 15. The Nymph and the Cauldron of Boiling Oil. 638
Story 16. The Spring Festival. 640
Story 17. Vikrama Offers Himself for his Rival’s Benefit. 642
Story 18. Vikrama Visits the Sun’s Orb. 644
Story 19. Vikrama Visits Bali, the King of the Underworld. 646
Story 20. Vikrama Visits a Forest Ascetic. 648
Story 21. Vikrama Entertained by Personifications of Eight Magic Powers. 652
Story 22. Vikrama Wins the Science of Alchemy for a Brahmin. 654
Story 23. Vikrama’s Inauspicious Dream. 656
Story 24. Shalivahana, Vikrama, and the Nectar of Immortality. 658
Story 25. Vikrama Obtains Rain from the Goddess. 662
Story 26. Vikrama and the Cow of Plenty. 664
Story 27. Vikrama and the Gambler. 666
Story 28. Vikrama Abolishes the Sacrificing of Men to a Goddess. 670
Story 29. The Courtesan Visited by an Ogre. 672
Story 30. The Conjurer’s Trick. 674
Story 31. Vikrama and the Vampire. 678
Story 32. Vikrama’s Power and Generosity. 680
Conclusion: The Statuettes are Released from Parvati’s Curse. 682
Meters Used. 687
Notes. 691
Index. 711
Sandhi grid. 738
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