One of the country's top investigative reporters reveals how the richest people within the top 1 percent of the country has rigged the tax code and other laws in its favor.
Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter David Cay Johnston has been breaking pieces of this story on the front page of The New York Times for nine years, work for which one business school professor calls him ìthe de facto chief tax enforcement officer of the United Statesî. With Perfectly Legal, he puts the whole shocking narrative together in a way that will stir up media attention and make readers angry about the state of our country. And he has sound advice on what to do.
Since the mid-1970s, there has been a dramatic shift in who benefits from the American economy and bears the burden of taxes. CEOs, big investors and business owners can delay paying their taxes for years and sometimes escape them almost entirely, while wage earners have their taken from each paycheck. Discreet lobbying by the political donor class has made tax policies and enforcement a disaster. Because of obligations to these donors Washington has been unable, or unwilling, to fix these problems. The news media have largely ignored official favors to those who are supposed to pay the corporate income tax, the estate tax, and the gift tax. Millions of families expecting tax cuts are losing some or all of them to a stealth tax that was originally enacted only to apply to the tax-avoiding rich, but that now stings single mothers making as little as $28,000. But the cumulative results are remarkable: the 400 richest Americans pay a smaller share of their income in taxes than someone making $100,000. The 400 richest pay less and less of their income in taxes while the middle class pays more and more. And while the incomes of the very rich skyrocketed over three decades, the average income for the bottom 90 percent fell.
Johnston exposes exactly how the middle class is being squeezed to create a widening income gap that threatens the stability of the country. By relating the compelling tales of real people across all areas of society, he reveals the truth behind:
* "middle class" tax cuts and exactly whom they benefit
* how workers are being cheated out of their retirement plans while disgraced CEOs walk away with hundreds of millions
* how some corporations avoid paying any federal income tax
* how CEOs fly on vacation in corporate jets for less than you pay for a middle seat in coach ñ and stick you with most of the cost
* why the working poor are seven times more likely to be audited by the IRS than everyone else
* how the IRS became so weak that even when it was handed complete banking records detailing massive cheating by 1,600 people, it prosecuted only 4 percent of them --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title.
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这本书的人物塑造简直达到了令人发指的真实感。他们不是刻板的符号,而是活生生的、带着复杂道德灰色地带的个体。我尤其对那个配角“老E”印象深刻,他初看之下似乎只是一个边缘人物,但作者却用极其克制的笔墨,勾勒出了他那复杂而矛盾的内心世界。他的每一次抉择,都充满了人性的挣扎,你既能理解他为何如此,又会为他的最终归宿感到惋惜。这种模糊了“好人”与“坏人”界限的处理手法,让整个故事的格局一下子拔高了。我发现自己常常在想象,如果我处于他的位置,我是否会做出同样的选择?这种共情与反思,是优秀文学作品的标志。书中对人物心理活动的刻画细致入微,对肢体语言和面部表情的捕捉更是精准到位,使得那些深埋在角色心中的秘密,即使没有直接说出口,读者也能通过那些微妙的信号捕捉到。我甚至感觉自己已经和书中的某些角色建立了某种深层的、近乎私密的联系。
评分这部作品的结构安排可谓是鬼斧神工,它并非线性叙事,而是像一张巨大的蛛网,将不同时间线和视角巧妙地编织在一起。起初阅读时,我甚至有些许的迷惑,因为人物的出现和事件的交错显得有些跳跃,但随着阅读的深入,那些看似零散的线索,如同被魔术师的双手整理过一般,开始精准地契合,最终构建出一个宏大而精密的逻辑整体。我特别欣赏作者如何运用“留白”的艺术,他并不急于将所有的谜团一次性揭开,而是巧妙地设置了许多悬念的“锚点”,让读者在接下来的章节中不断地去探寻和验证自己的猜测。这种交互式的阅读体验,极大地提升了阅读的参与感和趣味性。我甚至在网上查阅了一些关于叙事结构的书籍,试图去分析作者是如何做到如此高超的布局的。这本书更像是一部精密的钟表,每一个齿轮都在预定的轨道上运行,一旦启动,就展现出令人惊叹的和谐与精确。我敢说,即便是重读一遍,我依然能发现当初错过的一些微小的伏笔。
评分这本书的封面设计简直是一场视觉盛宴,那种深沉的墨蓝配上烫金的字体,立刻就抓住了我的眼球。装帧的质感也非常好,拿在手里沉甸甸的,让人感觉这不是一本普通的印刷品,而是一件值得珍藏的艺术品。我尤其喜欢封面上那种微妙的光影处理,仿佛能从中窥见故事深处那些晦暗不明的角落。 迫不及待地翻开扉页,首先映入眼帘的是一段引人入胜的序言,作者的笔触带着一种老派的优雅和锐利,寥寥数语便勾勒出了一个充满张力与谜团的世界观。我立刻被这种叙事氛围所吸引,仿佛被某种无形的力量拉入了一个既熟悉又陌生的境地。整本书的排版非常舒适,字号和行距拿捏得恰到好处,即便是长时间阅读也不会感到眼睛疲劳。这种对细节的关注,无疑体现了出版方对读者的尊重,也为接下来的阅读体验奠定了极佳的基础。我甚至花了不短的时间去欣赏腰封上那段精炼的推荐语,那种文字的密度和力量感,让人对内文充满了无限的遐想与期待。
评分初读之下,我发现作者的语言风格简直是太迷人了,它不像那种直白叙事,而是充满了隐喻和层层叠叠的暗示。那些句子,读起来就像是精心打磨过的宝石,每一颗都闪烁着不同的光泽。比如,书中描绘某个场景时,他会用上一些极其罕见却又无比贴切的词汇,让我不得不停下来,反复咀嚼那几个字组合起来的意境。这种对文字的掌控力,真不是一般人能达到的。我印象特别深的是,在描述主角内心的挣扎时,作者并没有直接告诉我们“他很痛苦”,而是通过一系列细微的动作和环境的描摹,将那种无声的绝望烘托得淋漓尽致。我感觉自己不是在看故事,而是在同步体验角色的生命脉络。阅读的过程中,我常常需要合上书本,抬头看看窗外,让那些文字在脑海中沉淀一下,因为它们的信息量实在太大了,需要时间去消化和体悟。这本书的叙事节奏也处理得非常高明,时而如春水般潺潺细流,时而又像惊雷炸响,让人心跳加速,完全无法预测下一秒会发生什么。
评分抛开故事情节和人物,这本书在探讨的主题深度上,也展现出了非凡的洞察力。它似乎在不动声色地挑战着我们对“既定规则”的理解,探讨了在极端环境下,人性中那些最原始的驱动力是如何运作的。我读到一些关于社会结构和个体自由的段落时,那种强烈的思想冲击力,让我不得不暂时放下手中的书,陷入长久的沉思。作者并未给出简单的答案或廉价的道德评判,而是将问题抛给了读者,引导我们自己去构建思考的框架。这种开放式的哲学探讨,使得这本书的价值远远超出了一个单纯的故事范畴,它更像是一面镜子,折射出我们自身所处的时代困境与精神需求。每一次翻阅,都能从不同的角度解读出新的含义,每一次的阅读体验都是一次精神上的洗礼。这本书的力量在于它不提供慰藉,而是提供挑战,它教会我们如何更深入、更审慎地去看待我们习以为常的世界。
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