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发表于2024-11-13
Unfinished Business pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024
Michael J. Klarman, author of From Jim Crow to Civil Rights, which won the prestigious Bancroft Prize in American History, is one of the leading authorities on the history of civil rights law in the United States. In Unfinished Business, he illuminates the course of racial equality in America, revealing that we have made less progress than we like to think. Indeed, African Americans have had to fight for everything they have achieved. Klarman highlights a variety of social and political factors that have influenced the path of racial progress--wars, migrations, urbanization, shifting political coalitions--and he looks in particular at the contributions of law and of court decisions to American equality. The author argues that court decisions tend to reflect the racial mores of the times, which is why the Supreme Court has not been a heroic defender of the rights of racial minorities. And even when the Court has promoted progressive racial change, its decisions have often been unenforced, in part because severely oppressed groups rarely have the resources necessary to force the issue. Klarman also sheds light on the North/South dynamic and how it has influenced racial progress, arguing that as southerners have become more anxious about outside challenges to their system of white supremacy, they have acted in ways that eventually undermined that system. For example, as southern slave owners demanded greater guarantees for slavery from the federal government, they alienated northerners, who came to fear a slave power conspiracy that would interfere with their liberties. Unfinished Business offers an invaluable, succinct account of racial equality and civil rights throughout American history.
[美]迈克尔·J.克拉曼(Michael J. Klarman),美国著名宪法史专家。他在巴尔的摩长大,于宾夕法尼亚大学获得学士和硕士学位,在牛津大学获得哲学博士学位,又在斯坦福大学法学院获得法学博士学位,曾任弗吉尼亚大学法学和历史学教授,现为哈佛大学法学院终身教授。
2005年,克拉曼以《从种族隔离到民权运动:最高法院与种族平等的抗争》(From Jim Crow to Civil Rights: The Supreme Court and the Struggle for Racial Equality)获得了班克罗夫奖。他还著有《从柜子到祭坛:法庭、抵制和同性婚姻的抗争》(From the Closet to the Altar: Courts, Backlash, and the Struggle for Same-Sex Marriage)、《立法者的政变:美国宪法的制定》(The Framers' Coup: The Making of the United States Constitution)等。
还记得历史课本里的美国建国《独立宣言》中的一句:人人生而平等,造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利,其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。人类社会的发展变革,本身就是一部追求平等的平权史。奴隶社会演变诞生了封建社会,封建社会的演变进化,同时辅以科学文化的划时...
评分“人人生而平等”(All men are created equal),《独立宣言》中这个并非首创的表达使其流传甚广,并逐渐成为美国自诩的国家形象之一:不同于旧大陆,新大陆没有也不欢迎贵族制,人人皆可白手起家。当然,如今人所共知的是,那句话在历史上应当修正:人人生而平等,除了黑人、...
评分 评分由于三角贸易的发展,大量黑人奴隶被运往美洲殖民地,黑人奴隶与白人之间的种族关系从此开始产生矛盾。美国一直被种族问题困扰,虽然南北战争解放了黑人奴隶,但种族歧视仍然存在,且延续至今。本书按照时间顺序陈述出各个时期的种族矛盾与种族关系缓和,从中分析推动美国走向...
评分Unfinished Business pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024