A Reference Grammar of Modern Standard Arabic pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026

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出版者:Cambridge University Press

作者:Karin C. Ryding

出品人:

页数:734

译者:

出版时间:2005-9-19

价格:USD 52.00

装帧:Paperback

isbn号码:9780521777711

丛书系列:

图书标签:

• 阿拉伯语
• 外语
• 阿拉伯语
• 现代标准阿拉伯语
• 语法
• 参考语法
• 语言学
• 阿拉伯语教学
• 语言研究
• 学术著作
• 外语学习
• 阿拉伯文化

A Comprehensive Guide to Contemporary Arabic Linguistics This volume delves into the intricate structures and nuances of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), offering a detailed exploration of its grammatical framework. It serves as an invaluable resource for students, scholars, and anyone seeking a profound understanding of how this dynamic language functions. Phonetics and Phonology: The Soundscape of MSA The journey begins with an in-depth examination of the phonetic and phonological systems that underpin MSA. We meticulously analyze the distinctive sounds of Arabic, including the emphatic consonants and guttural sounds that are characteristic of the language, and their precise articulation. The chapter elucidates the phonemic inventory of MSA, differentiating between sounds that carry distinct meanings. Furthermore, it explores the rules of phonological assimilation and dissimilation, demonstrating how sounds interact and change in connected speech. The concept of prosody, including stress and intonation patterns, is also discussed, highlighting their role in conveying meaning and emphasis within sentences. The intricate relationship between written diacritics and pronunciation is also addressed, offering clarity on how to accurately pronounce words based on their written form. Morphology: Building the Blocks of Meaning Moving beyond the sounds, the book systematically dissects the morphological structures of MSA. It provides a thorough treatment of root-and-pattern morphology, the cornerstone of Arabic word formation. The three-consonant root system is explained in detail, illustrating how various verbal and nominal forms are derived from these roots. The chapter categorizes and analyzes different patterns (awzān) for verbs, explaining their semantic implications and grammatical functions. Similarly, the derivation of nouns, adjectives, and other word classes from roots is meticulously outlined. The complexities of grammatical gender, number, and definiteness for nouns and adjectives are thoroughly explored, along with the mechanisms of affixation and inflection that mark these categories. The formation of diminutives, augmentatives, and other derived nominal forms also receives careful attention, revealing the expressive power of Arabic morphology. Syntax: Weaving Sentences into Meaningful Discourse The core of this work lies in its extensive exploration of MSA syntax. The book meticulously details the fundamental sentence structures, beginning with nominal sentences (jumla ismiyya) and verbal sentences (jumla fi'liyya). The roles and positions of subject, predicate, direct and indirect objects, and adverbials within these structures are clearly delineated. The chapter delves into the intricacies of verb conjugation and agreement, covering tense, aspect, mood, and voice. The formation and function of various types of clauses, including relative clauses, conditional clauses, and subordinate clauses, are thoroughly explained with numerous illustrative examples. The use of prepositions and their impact on sentence meaning is also analyzed, along with the syntax of negation and interrogation. The book further investigates more advanced syntactic phenomena, such as ellipsis, topicalization, and clefting, demonstrating how speakers manipulate word order and structure to achieve specific rhetorical effects and emphasize particular elements of a sentence. The principles of coordination and subordination are explored, illustrating how simple and complex sentences are constructed. Semantics and Pragmatics: Unveiling Deeper Meanings Beyond the grammatical rules, this volume also explores the semantic and pragmatic dimensions of MSA. It examines the principles of lexical semantics, including polysemy, synonymy, and antonymy, and how these relationships influence word meaning. The book discusses the semantic roles of arguments in sentences and the underlying conceptual structures that inform meaning. Furthermore, it delves into the realm of pragmatics, investigating how context influences interpretation and how language is used in real-world communication. The chapter explores speech acts, implicature, and the role of politeness in Arabic discourse. The nuances of register and style in MSA are also considered, highlighting how language use varies across different social contexts and communicative purposes. The book also touches upon the metaphorical and idiomatic expressions that enrich the language, providing insights into the cultural underpinnings of MSA. Lexicon and Vocabulary Development: A Rich Tapestry of Words A dedicated section of the book focuses on the Arabic lexicon, tracing the origins and evolution of key vocabulary. It explores the process of neologism and the adoption of loanwords in contemporary Arabic. The book provides an overview of common thematic vocabulary sets and discusses strategies for vocabulary acquisition and retention for learners. The interplay between morphology and semantics in shaping word meaning is further elaborated within this section. Style and Register: Adapting Language to Context The final chapters of this comprehensive guide examine the stylistic variations and registers of Modern Standard Arabic. It explores the differences in language use between formal writing, journalistic prose, academic discourse, and public speaking. The book analyzes the stylistic features that distinguish these registers and provides guidance on how to adapt one's language use appropriately. The impact of cultural norms and social conventions on linguistic choices is also considered, offering a holistic perspective on the effective and appropriate use of MSA. The book concludes by emphasizing the dynamic nature of MSA and its continued evolution in response to global and local influences.

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这本书在处理词汇构建（Derivational Morphology）的部分尤其出色，这是MSA复杂性的核心体现之一。作者详尽地梳理了各种词干（roots）如何通过不同的音形变化模式（patterns）生成名词、动词和形容词，并且不仅限于最常见的那些模式。我尤其喜欢它对那些不规则或罕见模式的梳理，很多我在阅读特定历史文献时遇到的疑难词汇，都能在这里找到其生成轨迹的清晰解释。更重要的是，它将形态变化置于句法结构中进行考察，而不是孤立地讨论词汇本身。例如，它分析了在特定的介词短语或状语结构中，词干的选择如何影响句子的整体信息结构。这种宏观与微观相结合的视角，使得理解MSA的内在组织逻辑成为可能。对于那些希望超越简单会话，真正能够“构建”复杂、地道书面语的写作者而言，这本书提供了无与伦比的蓝图和工具箱。

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我发现这本书的参考价值还体现在它对语言“活力”的捕捉上。它不像一些老派语法书那样将MSA描绘成一个僵化的、只存在于书本中的实体，而是敏锐地捕捉到了现代标准阿拉伯语在不同媒介（从正式演讲到网络新闻）中存在的细微差异和演变趋势。作者在某些章节讨论了词序的灵活性，特别是在强调成分时，如何通过非标准语序来达到特定的修辞效果，并且提供了大量的当代语料作为佐证。这种对语言动态性的关注，使得这本书即便在快速变化的语言环境中，依然保持着强大的生命力和实用性。它不是一本简单的规则手册，更像是一份对当代阿拉伯语书面语“操作指南”的详尽注释。阅读过程中，我感觉自己不再是被动地接受规则，而是主动地在理解和运用这套复杂的语言系统。其结论往往是深思熟虑、经过多方考证的，提供了研究者们可以信赖的基石。

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坦白地说，这本书的阅读体验并不总是轻松愉快的，它充满了学术的严谨和不妥协，这使得它在某些段落显得异常晦涩和密集。它毫不避讳地使用了大量的专业术语，如果你不熟悉（或者不经常使用）现代语言学中的特定术语，你可能需要经常停下来查阅词汇表或者借助其他辅助材料。然而，正是这种毫不退让的专业性，确保了其内容的可靠性和精确性。尤其是在处理语音和音位学与形态学交汇的那些边界地带时，作者的论述充满了细致的区分，例如在处理某些同源异形词（cognates）的声韵变化时，提供了详尽的对比分析。对于那些致力于阿拉伯语文学翻译或高级文本批评的人来说，这本书简直是必备的“解码器”。它不只是告诉你“是什么”，更会探究“为什么是这样”，这种探究精神是很多“速成”类教材所不具备的。它要求读者投入时间和精力，但回报是知识的扎实和对语言的深刻把握。

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这本书的编排逻辑，乍一看似乎有些反传统，它并没有严格遵循传统语法书“从简单到复杂”的线性叙事模式，反而更像是一部专题论文集的汇编，每一章都像是一个针对特定语言现象的深度剖析。这种结构对于需要快速查阅特定语法点的进阶学习者来说极其便利，省去了在厚厚的前言和基础章节中逡巡的麻烦。我个人认为，作者在处理名词的格（case）系统——这个在MSA中既关键又常常被忽视的部分——时展现了非凡的洞察力。它不仅列举了所有规则，更探讨了在当代书面语中，哪些规则的实际应用正在弱化，哪些又是绝对不可动摇的标志。此外，对于那些变化莫测的非人复数（non-human plurals）的处理，它采用了不同于以往任何语法的分类方法，这种创新的分类方式虽然需要一个适应期，但一旦理解了其背后的逻辑，对阅读和写作的准确性提升是立竿见影的。这本书的真正魅力在于其“参考性”，它假设读者已经对阿拉伯语有了一定的接触，并准备好接受对其语言机制更严格、更精确的审视。

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这部语法书简直是打开了通往现代标准阿拉伯语（MSA）深层结构的一扇大门，尤其是对于那些已经掌握了基础知识，渴望深入理解其复杂性的学习者来说，它提供了一个近乎百科全书式的参考。我特别欣赏作者在处理那些在其他教材中常常被一笔带过或含糊其辞的细微语法点时的那种细致入微的态度。比如，它对动词形态中那些微妙的语气（moods）和语态（voices）的区分，不仅仅停留在名词性的解释上，而是深入挖掘了它们在不同语境下的实际功能和语义负荷。书中对复杂的从句结构，尤其是那些涉及关系代词和条件句的嵌套时所展现的清晰度，令人印象深刻。很多时候，当我遇到一篇复杂的现代新闻报道或学术文本，被那些冗长且层层递进的句子搞得晕头转向时，翻开这本书的相应章节，总能找到结构清晰的图示或表格，将那些看似杂乱无章的成分拆解得井井有条。它绝不是一本适合初学者的入门读物，它更像是摆在资深研究者书桌上、随时准备被翻阅的权威工具书，它的价值在于其广度和深度，能够填补学习路径中那些常常出现的知识断层。

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A Reference Grammar of系列的都相当靠谱，特点是清晰但不失深度，初学者也能用，学到一定程度了还能常看常新。本书特点是所有例句配MSA发音的转写，语法掰开了揉碎了讲。非常棒！

评分☆☆☆☆☆

A Reference Grammar of系列的都相当靠谱，特点是清晰但不失深度，初学者也能用，学到一定程度了还能常看常新。本书特点是所有例句配MSA发音的转写，语法掰开了揉碎了讲。非常棒！

评分☆☆☆☆☆

A Reference Grammar of系列的都相当靠谱，特点是清晰但不失深度，初学者也能用，学到一定程度了还能常看常新。本书特点是所有例句配MSA发音的转写，语法掰开了揉碎了讲。非常棒！

评分☆☆☆☆☆

A Reference Grammar of系列的都相当靠谱，特点是清晰但不失深度，初学者也能用，学到一定程度了还能常看常新。本书特点是所有例句配MSA发音的转写，语法掰开了揉碎了讲。非常棒！

评分☆☆☆☆☆

A Reference Grammar of系列的都相当靠谱，特点是清晰但不失深度，初学者也能用，学到一定程度了还能常看常新。本书特点是所有例句配MSA发音的转写，语法掰开了揉碎了讲。非常棒！