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Three issues essential to our insight into the concept and function of historical consciousness, and the description thereof, form the core of this book: historical truth, historical comment and criticism, and ideology (including the historian’s trustworthiness).

Taking as a point of departure the workings of these concepts in Chinese historical thinking, the volume carefully draws comparisons with similar topics in the Western tradition. It thus advocates and shows a truly comparative approach that sets the stage for an intercultural dialogue on this important subject.

The first comprehensive work on the political and cognitive dimensions of Chinese historical consciousness set against its Western counterpart.

Jörn Rüsen, born in 1938, is President of the Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut (Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities), Essen, and Professor at the University of Witten-Herdecke. He has published widely on theory and philosophy of history, historiography, historical memory and historical culture.

Helwig Schmidt-Glintzer, born in 1948, is Director of the Herzog August Bibliothek, Wolfenbüttel and Professor at the University of Göttingen. His main research interests are in Chinese intellectual history, the history of religions in China, Chinese literature, and the exchanges between China and the West.

Achim Mittag, born in 1958, is presently affiliated with the Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut, Essen, working on a project of comparative historiography and compiling a sourcebook on Chinese historiography and historical thinking.

Preface / Helwig Schmidt-Glintzer
Religious claims of truth versus critical method - some general remarks on a complex relationship in western tradition / Petra Bahr 1
Language change in premodern China - notes on its perception and its impact on the idea of a "constant way" / Wolfgang Behr 13
Poetry and religion : the representation of "truth" in early Chinese historiography / Martin Kern 53
Normativity and history in warring states thought. The shift towards the anthropological paradigm / Heiner Roetz 79
Truth claims in Shiji / Stephen Durrant 93
Why has the question of truth remained an open question throughout Chinese history? / Helwig Schmidt-Glintzer 115
Criteria of historical judgment / Jorn Rusen 133
Some notions of historical judgment in China and the west / Kai Vogelsang 143
Platitude and persona : Junzi comments in Zuozhuan and beyond / David Schaberg 177
Speeches and the question of authenticity in ancient Chinese historical records / Yuri Pines 197
The past as a messianic vision : historical thought and strategies of sacralization in the early Gongyang tradition / Joachim Gentz 227
Hong Mai's Yijian Zhi : testing the boundary between worldly and otherworldly facts / Thomas H. C. Lee 255
The rise of historical criticism and the process of professionalization in historical studies in Europe - the case of Germany / Horst Walter Blanke 289
Ideology and history : Yao Jiheng's critical scholarship and the ideology of new historical science (Xin Shixue) / Kai-Wing Chow 337
What makes a good historian : Zhang Xuecheng's postulate of "moral integrity" (Shi De) revisited / Achim Mittag 365
Ideology and truth claims in Korean historiography of the "empirist school" / Marion Eggert 405
History and truth in Chinese Marxist historiography / Susanne Weigelin-Schwiedrzik 421
Between normative and individualizing didactics : Suzhi Jiaoyu as a new term in Chinese theories of history teaching / Nicola Spakowski 465
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