Why are chimp babies skinny, while human babies are so fat they float? As humans developed greater intelligence--and increased cranial capacity--how did babies and mothers adapt to increased fetal brain size? And how did humans develop our unique intelligence. Elaine Morgan, an internationally
bestselling science writer known for her iconoclastic take on evolutionary theory, addresses these questions and more in The Descent of the Child, an intriguing and controversial look at human evolution from the point of view of infant development.
Beginning with the assertion that much of our thinking about human evolution exercises an unconscious bias--that we envision an archetypal human being as an adult--Morgan sets out to explain why human infants evolved in the way they did. We are often told how, in the course of a million years,
adults acquired increased dexterity, adaptability, intelligence, and powers of communication. We are seldom reminded that over the same period infants became more helpless, more vulnerable, and more inert. Morgan focuses on the relationship between these two facts as she develops a stunning theory
of the origins of human intelligence she argues that our capacity for intelligence is a byproduct of evolving babyhood. Uniquely among primates, homo sapiens are born with considerable struggle, emerge wholly helpless, and continue to be dependent for a long time afterwards--only their eyes, faces,
and vocal cords work. They don't know that they're not always going to be like that, Morgan posits, but, bent on survival, they try to manipulate their parents or other caregivers to do things that the babies can't do for themselves. (For instance, they'll cry for food, and only human babies
continue crying after being picked up, sending a strong message not to be so remiss next time.) These early struggles, according to Morgan, provide our formative intellectual activity. It is in infancy that we really learn to think and to question.
In her much debated earlier works, Morgan has championed the controversial Aquatic Ape Theory of human evolution against the widely accepted Savannah Theory. The Descent of the Child takes her further into the fray with a provocative new argument adding new evidence to support AAT even as she
explores such urgent topics as conception and infertility, the maturation of the fetus, child rearing and parental roles, overpopulation, and a woman's place in society. This fascinating book should be read by parents (both new and soon to be) as well as anyone interested in child development or
human evolution.
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《The Descent of the Child》的封面设计简直是一场视觉的盛宴,那种深邃的蓝与墨绿交织出的底色,仿佛预示着一场关于灵魂的深度探索。我是在一家老旧的书店偶然发现它的,当时光线昏暗,只有那精致的烫金书名在吸引我的目光。初读之下,那种文学性的张力便扑面而来,作者的笔触细腻到近乎苛刻,对人物心理的剖析丝丝入扣。书中对“失落”与“寻找”的探讨,并非停留在表面的情节推动,而是渗透在每一个场景、每一次对话的潜台词之中。我尤其欣赏作者在构建环境时所展现出的那种近乎巴洛克式的复杂性,无论是宏大的自然景观,还是幽闭的室内空间,都充满了象征意味。阅读的过程中,我常常需要停下来,反复咀嚼那些富含哲理的句子,它们如同散落在文本中的宝石,需要光线的反复折射才能显现其真正的光芒。这本书没有提供廉价的答案,它更像是一面多棱镜,映照出的是读者自身经历和未曾触及的幽暗角落。它带来的震撼不是情节上的突变,而是认知层面的缓慢坍塌与重建,读完后感觉自己被彻底洗涤了一遍,带着一种沉重而清醒的疲惫感。这本书,无疑是近年来文学领域中一股强劲而独特的暗流。
评分天呐,这本书简直是把我带入了一个完全不同的时空维度。我得承认,我一开始对书名《The Descent of the Child》有些误解,以为会是某种传统的成长小说,结果呢?完全不是那么回事!它的叙事结构极其碎片化,但碎片之间却有着一种令人惊叹的内在逻辑联系,像是某种古代的星图,需要你投入极大的心力去拼凑。我用了快一周的时间才勉强适应作者那种跳跃式的、近乎意识流的写作方式。最让我震撼的是他对“时间”的处理,时间在这里不是线性的河流,而是层层叠叠的、可以相互渗透的迷宫。比如,某个场景明明发生在当下,作者却能用一段极简却充满力量的童年回忆瞬间将其吞噬,让你完全分不清现实与记忆的界限。我得说,这不是一本适合快餐式阅读的书,它需要你放慢呼吸,甚至需要你准备好纸笔去记录那些稍纵即逝的灵感火花。它要求读者与作者共同完成创作,你提供的专注度越高,它回报给你的深度就越大。这本书的对话也极其精妙,很多时候,角色真正想表达的,恰恰是他们没有说出口的部分,那种沉默中的巨大能量,只有用心去感受才能捕捉到。
评分坦白说,第一次读完《The Descent of the Child》时,我感到的是一种深深的困惑和一丝恼火——因为它没有给我一个明确的“答案”或一个圆满的结局。但随着时间的推移,这种恼火转化成了一种持续的思考和回味。这本书最伟大的地方,或许就在于它的“未完成性”。它拒绝给出终极的救赎或简单的解释,而是将那个“孩子”的命运,或者说那个“蜕变”的过程,悬置在了半空中,留给每一个读者去填补空白。我开始在日常生活中捕捉到一些与书中意象相似的瞬间,比如清晨窗户上凝结的水汽,或是旧照片褪色的边缘,这些都无形中成了这本书在我内心世界的延伸。它挑战了我们对于叙事完整性的传统期待,迫使我们接受生活本身就是充满断裂和模糊的本质。这本书的价值不在于它能告诉你什么,而在于它能让你思考什么——它像是一个强大的催化剂,激发了读者内在的哲学对话。我敢肯定,这本书会在我未来很长一段时间内,持续地在我精神的某个角落低语、回响。
评分从技术层面来看,作者在语言的运用上达到了炉火纯青的境界。它不像某些当代文学那样追求炫技式的辞藻堆砌,而是追求一种“恰到好处”的精准和力量感。每一个动词的选择都像是经过了精密计算,它们精准地刺中了靶心,很少有冗余的修饰。我特别注意到作者对于“感官体验”的调动,当你读到某段描写潮湿的空气或是腐败的气味时,几乎能即刻在脑海中重现那种生理反应。这表明作者不仅是思想的构建者,更是感官世界的魔术师。整本书的节奏控制得极其巧妙,时而急促如暴风雨,时而舒缓如凝固的琥珀。这种节奏的交替,完美地烘托了角色内心世界的动荡与平静的交织。读完之后,我立刻去查阅了作者的背景资料,很想知道是怎样的经历塑造了如此成熟而又带着宿命感的笔触。这本书更像是文学技艺的教科书,尤其是对于那些试图在叙事中融入大量象征和隐喻的年轻写作者来说,它提供了无数值得学习的范例。
评分我花了很长时间消化这本书的情感内核,它带来的那种压抑感,不是那种歇斯底里的戏剧冲突,而是一种更深层次的、存在主义式的无力感。作者对人性中那些“灰色地带”的描绘达到了令人发指的真实。书中的“孩子”形象,与其说是一个具体的人物,不如说是一种精神状态的隐喻,一种对纯真被现实侵蚀的无声控诉。我尤其欣赏作者对于环境细节的刻画,那些常被忽略的物件——一把生锈的钥匙,一盏忽明忽暗的灯,甚至是一段被遗忘的旋律,都在文本中被赋予了强大的生命力和叙事权重。读到后半部分,我感觉自己仿佛是跟着主角一同潜入了深海,周遭的一切都变得缓慢而失真,耳边只有自己沉重的呼吸声。这种沉浸式的体验,在很多追求速度的当代作品中已经非常罕见。《The Descent of the Child》成功地迫使我慢下来,去面对那些我们习惯性逃避的内心深处的“幽暗”。这绝不是一本让人心情愉悦的书,但它绝对是一次必要的、痛苦的、却极其有价值的精神洗礼。
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