James C. Scott is the Eugene Meyer Professor of Political Science and Anthropology at Yale University and current president of the Association of Asian Studies. He is the author of Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance, Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts, and The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia, all published by Yale University Press.
Compulsory ujamaa villages in Tanzania, collectivization in Russia, Le Corbusier's urban planning theory realized in Brasilia, the Great Leap Forward in China, agricultural "modernization" in the Tropics -- the twentieth century has been racked by grand utopian schemes that have inadvertently brought death and disruption to millions. Why do well-intentioned plans for improving the human condition go tragically awry? In this wide-ranging and original book, James C. Scott analyzes failed cases of large-scale authoritarian plans in a variety of fields. Centrally managed social plans misfire, Scott argues, when they impose schematic visions that do violence to complex interdependencies that are not -- and cannot -- be fully understood. Further, the success of designs for social organization depends upon the recognition that local, practical knowledge is as important as formal, epistemic knowledge. The author builds a persuasive case against "development theory" and imperialistic state planning that disregards the values, desires, and objections of its subjects. He identifies and discusses four conditions common to all planning disasters: administrative ordering of nature and society by the state; a "high-modernist ideology" that places confidence in the ability of science to improve every aspect of human life; a willingness to use authoritarian state power to effect large-scale interventions; and a prostrate civil society that cannot effectively resist such plans. "A broad-ranging, theoretically important, and empirically grounded treatment of the modern state and its propensity to simplify and make legible a society which by nature is complex and opaque. For anyone interested inlearning about this fundamental tension of modernity and about the destruction wrought in the twentieth century as a consequence of the dominant development ideology of the simplifying state, this is a must-read". -- Daniel Jonah Goldhagen, author of Hitler's Willing Executioners
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人類學傢的書好難找topic sentence,感覺信息量大但有效信息少。還是找中文版讀算瞭。
评分很多examples和metaphors,語句也算優美,如果不那麼話嘮就完美瞭
评分引瞭我最愛的卡爾維諾!!!
评分專注質疑國傢三十年,惜略失水準。並非反對一切國傢乾預和科學知識,主要是在發展型國傢/強國傢理論熱潮過後,剖析特殊情境中特殊政策和話語組閤:革命和後殖民提供急切發展和管理要求,科學主義、烏托邦意識形態、強國傢和弱小市民社會組閤中,移植西方經驗的發展政策以滿足國傢抽稅便利和政策簡便為優先,過分切削本地知識和社會紐帶造成不良後果;但過分強調傳統守護和自身發展潛力,似低估本地知識和紐帶轉變以適應規劃的能力。認識論上懷疑社科削減曆史偶發性的努力,將國傢官僚機器的行政手段、科學規劃和市場經濟價格機製的簡化作用混為一談,過於簡單。或許過分受偏遠地區田野經驗、人類學視角和農業經濟為重點的限製,對工業、科學和農業更多強調其潛在負麵性而忽略其靈活性。提齣的開放性製度和尊重本地知識、社會紐帶,大概已成為共識。
评分很多examples和metaphors,語句也算優美,如果不那麼話嘮就完美瞭
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